Community Ecology

Question 1

Community

Answer 1

Consists of the different species within an area and the interactions among these species

Question 2

Intraspecific

Answer 2

Interactions within one species

Question 3

Interspecific

Answer 3

Interactions between different species

Question 4

Trophic structure

Answer 4

Communities are built around feeding relationships and the cycling of energy and nutrients through the community

Question 5

Energy pyramid

Answer 5

only 10% of energy is passed to the next trophic level, 90% is lost

Question 6

Fundamental niche

Answer 6

The set of resources that a species can utilize in the absence of competition and other biotic interactions

Question 7

Realized niche

Answer 7

The actual niche they occupy after taking resources

Question 8

Competition Outcome: Competitive exclusion

Answer 8

One species excluded another from a limited resource or habitat

Question 9

Competition Outcome: Resource Partitioning

Answer 9

Most organisms avoid direct interspecific competition so over time they may evolve to specialize on different resources

Question 10

Mutualism

Answer 10

A type of reciprocal altruism where both species benefit from the relationship; ex: flowering plants and their pollinators

Question 11

Commensalism

Answer 11

One species benefits and the other is unaffected; ex: cattle egrets eat insects that get rustled up when cattle are grazing

Question 12

Symbiosis: Mutualistic

Answer 12

Two species benefit from the interaction; ex: flowering plants and their pollinators

Question 13

Symbiosis: Commensalism

Answer 13

One species benefit and the other is unaffected

Question 14

Symbiosis: Parasitism

Answer 14

One organism lives on or inside another organism, causing it harm

Question 15

Dominant Species

Answer 15

Species with the largest population in a community

Question 16

Foundation Species

Answer 16

“Ecosystem engineers” modify the environment, greatly affecting its overall structure

Question 17

Keystone species

Answer 17

An organism that which, if removed, has a disproportionately large effect on the ecosystem relative to its abundance

Question 18

Invasive species

Answer 18

non-native species whose introduction causes harm, or is likely to cause harm to the ecosystem, economy, and/or human health