human development from conception to birth Flashcards
what are the stages of conception
ovulation, fertilization, zygote, embryo, foetus ,neonate
what happens in ovulation
female has a menstrual cycle
oestrogen increases
uterus lining thickens
egg is released from ovary
temperature changes just before ovulation
egg released and travels down the fallopian tube, sperm will be able to reach and fertilize the egg
what happens in fertillisation
sperm and egg combine and create a zygote
zygote will spend 3-4 days in the fallopian tubes during will rapildly divide into 12-15 cells
have high levels of progesterone
what are the different phases of ovualtion
follicular phase
ovulation phase
luteal phase
menstrual phase
what happens in the follicular phase
egg develops in your ovaries inside follicles
what happens in the ovualtion phase
ovary releases the egg that develops in the follicular phase
what happens in the luteal phase
starts when an egg begins its journey to you uterus, it ends when you get your period
what happens in the menstrual phase
uterine lining sheds through your vagina
what happens when the zygote is created
fertilised egg, cluster of cells
once its implanted and divided it is referred as a embryo for the next 8 weeks
what happens when it turns into an embryo
cells in the blastocyst develop into a system that will support the embryo as it develops
system includes the placenta, the amitotic sac and fluid and the umbilical cord and develops into a baby
what happens when its a foetus
9 weeks- is called a foetus will have facial features, also have arms and legs
12 weeks- heartbeat will be audible
16 weeks- can blink
uterus expands
28 weeks- babies have a good chance of survival if born prematurely
37 weeks- babies are full term which means they can survive
what happens as a neonate
called neonate for the first 28 days of life
require constant care
what age ranges are infancy
birth to 24-26 months
what age ranges are early childhood
24-26 months to 7yrs
what age ranges are later childhood
7yrs- puberty
what age ranges are adolescence
puberty- sexual maturity
physical milestones for 0-1
holds head up
crawling
creeping
co-ordinate small muscles
walk
physical milestones 2-3
climb up and down stairs
kick a ball
jump of a step
pedal tricycle
physical milestones 4-5
walk easily
throw
catch
kick
use fork and knife
physical milestones 6-10
growth spurts
control major muscles
improved reaction time
physical milestones 11-14
develop breasts , start period
facial hair, voice deepens
physical milestones 15-19
acne
final stage of breast development
reach height
cognitive milestones 0-1
explore using hands
copy adults
enjoy repitition
cognitive milestones 2-3
concentration improves
match colours
play imaginative games
take turns when playing
cognitive milestones 4-5
play co-operatively
name colours
remember past events
begin formal education
cognitive milestones 6-12 years
literacy skills develop
play with their own gender
begin to infer what other people are thinking
make logical arguments
improved problem solving
improved reasoning
cognitive milestones 13-19
thinks abstractly
strong critical reasoning
pan ahead
language milestones 0-1
reflexive crying sounds
cooing
make some sounds
babbling
long chain of babbles
first words
language milestones 2-3
say at least 2 words together
will be able to say 50 words or more and understand half of them
language milestones 4-5
tell you what they have done
makes up stories
sentences include 4 or more words
language milestones 6-7
understand how to make new words
begin using longer words
language milestone 8-10
start to understand multiple meanings and relationships between words
language milestone 11-19
will be able to communicate like adults
strong command
emotional milestones 0-1
develop trust
form bonds
smiling widening eyes
shy
emotional milestones 2-3
independent
shows affection and concern
care for others
emotional milestones 4-5
develops a respect for feelings
facial expressions doesn’t match feelings
emotional milestones 6-10
mutual trust
secure attachments
emotional milestones 12-19
mood swings
be emotionally independent
emotional distancing from parents
social milestones 0-1
form special bonds with caring adults
engage within safe spaces with caregiver
social milestones 2-3
copy adults
take turns in games
become more independent
social milestones 4-5
share
feel empathy for others
may have a particular friend
social milestones 6-10
interested in peers
follow rules
shared experiences
social milestones 11-19
will spend more time with peers
try form their own identity
romantic interests will develop
what are the 6c’s of resilience
coping
control
character
confidence
competence
connection
