Human Development Flashcards

1
Q

Accommodation

A

Process of children adjusting prior understanding in order to assimilate new experiences or information

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2
Q

Assimilation

A

Method by which children incorporate new information with previous knowledge

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3
Q

Bandura, Albert

A

Psychologist known for his social learning theory

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4
Q

Behaviorism

A

First significant development theory, addresses observable behaviors and what actions or events service as reinforcers

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5
Q

Concrete operational

A

Piagets third stage of cognitive development occurring from ages 7 to 11 in which children form the ability to reason logically

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6
Q

Conservation

A

Concept that is the basic properties of an objects are unchanging

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7
Q

Constructive play

A

Manner of play that involves making objects into something, usually occurs and toddler to preschool age

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8
Q

Eric Erickson

A

Psychologist just who developed a model of psychosocial stages of development

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9
Q

Extinction

A

Mechanism of a operent conditioning through which undesired behaviors are not reinforced and therefore extinguished

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10
Q

Formal operational

A

Pie get fourth stage of cognitive development, beginning about age 11 doing with his children develop deductive reasoning and the capacity for abstract that

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11
Q

Functional Play

A

Repetition of simple muscle movements often occurs from birth through age 2

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12
Q

Intristic motivation

A

Motivation that comes from within the student, rather than from an outside source

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13
Q

Kohlberg

A

Psychologist who is theories Atlanta stages of moral development

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14
Q

Law of exercise

A

Thorndike’s conclusion that conditioned responses are strengthened to practice and repetition

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15
Q

Lot of effect

A

Thorndike’s conclusion that reward strength and behaviors while punishment weakens behaviors

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16
Q

Multiple intelligences

A

Howard Gardner’s theory that children demonstrate various kinds of intelligences and strength

17
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Mechanism of operent conditioning and which desired response is allowed punishment to be escaped

18
Q

Pavlov

A

Behavior theorist who noted for his experiments connecting stimulus and response

19
Q

Piaget

A

Psychologist who outlined the stages of cognitive development

20
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

Mechanism of operent conditioning in which desired responses are rewarded

21
Q

Preoperational

A

I got second stage of cognitive development, occurring from ages 2 to 7, during which the children do not have the capacity for logical reasoning and like the ability to understand situations from more than one viewpoint

22
Q

Psychosocial stages

A

Steps in the development of personality that occurred during live from infancy to old age

Includes:
Basic trust versus miss trust, anatomy versus shame and doubt, initiative versus guilt, industry versus inferiority, identity versus role confusion

23
Q

Skinner

A

Behavior theorist noted for his theory operant conditioning

24
Q

Thorndike

A

Psychologist known for his behaviors and theory of in Destra mental conditioning, and which desired behavior is positively reinforced by a reward

25
John Watson
Behavior theorist true stated that children's behavior can be easily conditioned
26
Zone of proximal development
Distance between a child actual performance and his or her potential performance
27
According to behaviorist Skinners theory of operent conditioning which is the best strategy for modifying students behaviors?
Immediate positive reinforcement for desired behaviors – reward the student for desired behavior
28
The greatest influence on children during the early years of life is....
Their family In the child's later years peers, school and social influences will play a much larger role
29
Seriatation
Arranging items in a logical order Example; arranging items longest to shortest