Human Circulatory System Flashcards
Red blood cell function
Carry oxygen around the body
Haemoglobin➕ oxygen
Oxyhaemoglobin
haemoglobin
- Contained in red blood cells
- Rich in iron which carries O2
What gives blood its red colour?
Haemoglobin
How is a red blood cell adapted for maximum diffusion of oxygen?
Biconcave shape 🟰 Large surface area
How is a red blood cell adapted to have more space to pack lots of haemoglobin?
No nucleus
White blood cell purpose
Prevent disease by destroying microorganisms
⬆️ haemoglobin ⬆️ 🟰 ❓
⬆️ oxygen ⬆️
Lymphocytes
Produce special chemicals called antibodies
Phagocytes
Engulf and digest, microbes in process called phagocytosis
Lobed nucleus
Phagocyte
Purpose of platelets
Involved in blood clotting process
Platelets
Cell fragments
Blood clotting process
- Soluble plasma protein
- fibrinogen
- insoluble protein fibrin
- meshwork across damaged area
- Red blood cells get caught
- Blood clots
- ⬇️ blood loss⬇️ ➕ ⬇️micro organisms⬇️
Plasma
The liquid part of blood
Plasma purpose
Transport medium
What does plasma transport?
- Blood cells 🩸
- food molecules (glucose and amino acids)🌮
- hormones 😡
- CO2 💨
- urea 🚽
What keeps plasma concentration stable?
Salts and other chemicals
What is the concentration of plasma similar to?
Blood cells
Why is it important that the concentration of plasma is similar to blood cells?
Red blood cells placed in water will take in water by osmosis and burst in the process called cell lysis
Artery: wall thickness
Thick
Vein: wall thickness
Relatively thin
Capillary: wall thickness
Very thin (one fell thick)