Human Body Systems:

Question 1

All humans began life as a single cell, which is called a….

Answer 1

Zygote

Question 2

Humans grow as a result of..

Answer 2

Mitosis: The division of cells.

Question 3

How do cells specialize?

Answer 3

By turning specific genes on and off. This will lead to differentiation between cells.

Question 4

Digestive

Answer 4

Breaks down food and absorbs its nutrients.

Parts of the system: mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines

Question 5

Circulatory

Answer 5

Carries gasses, oxygen and nutrients throughout the body and gets rid of wastes

Parts of the system: heart, arteries, veins, capillaries

Question 6

Materials usually enter and leave the body through…

Answer 6

Diffusion

Question 7

What organ pumps the circulatory system

Answer 7

The heart

Question 8

What types of cells carry oxygen and carbon dioxide

Answer 8

red blood cells

Question 9

The heart pumps… to the brain and …. transports it

Answer 9

Pumps blood and plasma is a fluid that helps this transport

Question 10

Transported materials include: oxygen

Answer 10

From lungs to all cells of the body

Question 11

Transported materials include: hormones

Answer 11

From gland cells to target cells

Question 12

Transported materials include: wastes

Answer 12

From all cells to excretory organs

Question 13

Respiratory

Answer 13

Takes in oxygen and releases waste gases.

Part of the system: lungs, alveoli, diaphragm

Question 14

Microscopic sacs surrounded by capillaries where oxygen enters the blood and CO2 leaves the blood.

Answer 14

Alveoli

Question 15

Excretory

Answer 15

Removal of metabolic wastes

Parts: kidney, ureter, urinary bladder and urethra

Question 16

Nervous(& main organs)

Answer 16

Controls your movements, thoughts and sensations.

Main Organs: Brain & Spinal Cord

Question 17

Endocrine

Answer 17

Uses hormones to control and coordinate your body’s metabolism, energy level, reproduction, growth etc.

Parts of the system: Pituitary, Thyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads

Question 18

What are hormone levels controlled by?

Answer 18

Feedback mechanisms

Question 19

Immune system

Answer 19

System that protects the body from pathogens

Question 20

Pathogen

Answer 20

Disease causing organism: viruses, bacteria, parasites

Question 21

White blood cells function(the main component of the immune system)

Answer 21

Identify and destroy pathogens + Make antibodies

Question 22

Antibodies

Answer 22

proteins made by white blood cells to attack pathogens

Question 23

Vaccine

Answer 23

An injection of a dead or weakened pathogens