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Samarthy's flashcards 🥳 > Human Body part 1 💀 > Flashcards

Human Body part 1 💀 Flashcards

1
Q

What is DNA?

A

A complex molecule that contains all of the information necessary to build and maintain an organism.

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2
Q

What is the double helix?

A

DNA is made up of 2 strands that intertwine with each other, called the double helix.

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3
Q

What are chromosomes?

A

It is what is stored in the neclues of a cell in packages.

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4
Q

What are genes?

A

Genes are in your DNA and they tell cells how to make a particular protein.

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5
Q

Why does a live cell look very different from a hair cell even though they have the same DNA?

A

Because not every gene is switched ‘on’ in every cell. So the live cell had different genes switched on compared to a hair cell. This means that the two different types of cells make different proteins. As a result, the two cells look different and do different jobs.

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6
Q

What are genetic mutations?

A

They are DNA that don’t come from you mother or your father.

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7
Q

What does a skeleton do?

A
  • Makes blood cells
  • stores chemicals
  • transmits sound
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8
Q

How many bones are in the human body?

A

206 bones

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9
Q

What is a tissue in the human body

A

Tissue is a group of cells that have a similar structure and that function together as a unit.

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10
Q

Bones are made up of a mix of proteins. True or false?

A

Answer: True

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11
Q

What is a joint?

A

When two or more bones meet to allow you to move a bit of your body.

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12
Q

What are the 3 main types of muscles?

A
  • cardiac muscle: which is in the heart
  • visceral muscle: which can be found in the stomach and the guts
  • skeletal muscle: in among your bones
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13
Q

What do Flexor muscles do?

A

close joints- as when you bend your knees

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14
Q

What do Sphincter muscles do?

A

squeeze shut- there is one at the top of your stomach to keep your stomach contents from coming back out of you, it opens when you throw up.

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15
Q

What do extensor muscles do?

A

open joints- as when you straighten your arm.

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16
Q

What do Levator muscles do?

A

lift up your body parts- as when you open your eye your eyelid goes up.

17
Q

What do Depressor muscles do?

A

lower bits of the body- as when you frown

18
Q

What are tendons and ligaments?

A

They are both tough connective tissues

19
Q

What do tendons connect?

A

Tendons connect muscle to bone

20
Q

What do ligaments connect?

A

Ligaments connect bone to bone

21
Q

What is a cartilage?

A

Cartilage is a strong, flexible connective tissue that protects joints and bones.

22
Q

What are arteries?

A

Arteries are tubelike structures responsible for transporting fluid (e.g. blood)

23
Q

The three neves that go up your hand are called the:

A
  • Radial nerve
  • Median nerve
  • Ulnar nerve
24
Q

What are opposable thumbs?

A

They are thumbs that can touch all fingers, giving things a good grip.

25
Q

What are the 2 benefits of having hair on our heads?

A
  • It acts as a good insulator in cold weather
  • It is also a good reflector of heat
26
Q

Only mammals have hair. True or false?

A

True

27
Q

You you get cold your hair stands up. What is this called?

A

Horripilation

28
Q

We are covered in scales. True or false?

A

True! They are skin flakes but their proper name is squames.

29
Q

What is the largest organ

A

Your skin

30
Q

What does your skin do?

A
  • keeping the good stuff such as blood and the bad stuff as in dirt out
  • Keeps you cool
  • Makes vitamins.
31
Q

Your skin has 3 layers

A

a) dermis
b) epidermis
c) hypodermis

32
Q

What is sweat made up of

A

Tiny organs in your skin called sweat glands

33
Q

What is a pore?

A

It is a little hole in which sweat travels up and out through.

34
Q

What is Sebum?

A

It is an oily substance hair follicles produce

35
Q

How many chromosomes do cells contain?

A

46 chromosomes

Samarthy's flashcards 🥳 (8 decks)

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