Human Body: An Orientation

Question 0

Physiology

Answer 0

Study if how the body and its parts function

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

Study of structure and shape of body and its parts

Question 2

Anatomy-Levels of Study

• Gross Anatomy
• Microscopic Anatomy

Answer 2

• Large structures that are easily observable

- Very small structures only viewed with a microscope

Question 3

Levels of Structural Organization (6):

• Chemical Level
• Cellular Level
• Tissue Level
• Organ Level
• Organ System Level
• Organismal Level

Answer 3

• Chem.: Atoms combine to form molecules
• Cell.: Cells made up of molecules
• Tiss.: Tissues consist of similar types of cells
• Organ: Organs made up of different tissues
• OS: Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely
• Organismal: Human organisms made up if many organ systems

Question 4

Organ System Overview:

Integumentary

Answer 4

• Forms external body covering
• Protects deeper tissue from injury
• Helps regulate body temp.
• Location of cutaneous nerve receptors

Question 5

Organ System Overview:

Skeletal

Answer 5

• Protects/supports body organs
• Provides muscle attachment for movement
• Site of blood cell formation
• Stores minerals

Question 6

Organ System Overview:

Muscular

Answer 6

• Produces movement
• Maintains posture
• Produces heat

Question 7

Organ System Overview:

Nervous

Answer 7

• Fast-acting control system
• Responds to internal/external change
• Activates muscles and glands

Question 8

Organ System Overview:

-Endocrine

Answer 8

• Secretes regulatory hormones

- Include growth, reproduction, metabolism

Question 9

Organ System Overview:

Cardiovascular

Answer 9

• Transports material in body via blood pumped by heart

- Includes oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and wastes

Question 10

Organ System Overview

Lymphatic

Answer 10

• Returns fluids to blood vessels
• Cleanses blood
• Involved in immunity

Question 11

Organ System Overview:

Respiratory

Answer 11

• Keeps blood supplied with oxygen

- Removes carbon dioxide

Question 12

Organ System Overview:

-Digestive

Answer 12

• Breaks down food
• Allows for nutrient absorption into blood
• Eliminates indigestible material

Question 13

Organ System Overview:

Reproductive

Answer 13

-Produces offspring

Question 14

Necessary Life Functions:

-Maintain boundaries

Answer 14

-Homeostasis in the body

Question 15

NLF:

Movement

Answer 15

-Locomotion and movement of substances

Question 16

NLF:

Responsiveness

Answer 16

-Ability to sense change and react

Question 17

NLF:

-Digestion

Answer 17

-Break down and absorption of nutrients

Question 18

NLF:

Metabolism

Answer 18

-Chemical reactions within the body that produce energy and make body structure

Question 19

NLF:

_Excretion

Answer 19

-Eliminates wastes from metabolic reaction

Question 20

NLF:

Reproduction

Answer 20

-Produces future generations

Question 21

NLF:

Growth

Answer 21

Increases cell size and number of cells

Question 22

Survival Needs (SN):
Nutrients

Answer 22

• Chemicals for energy and cell building

- Includes carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals

Question 23

SN:

Oxygen

Answer 23

-Required for chemical reactions

Question 24

SN:

Water

Answer 24

• 60%-80% of body weight

- Provides for metabolic reactions

Question 25

SN:

Body temperature

Answer 25

-Stable body temperature to for best functioning

Question 26

SN:

Atmospheric Pressure

Answer 26

-Must be appropriate