Human Biology Flashcards
Function of circulatory system
Distribute oxygen and nutrients to where they are needed in the body via blood and remove waste from cells
Main components of circulatory system
Heart, arteries, veins and blood
How does the circulatory system work
Oxygenated blood goes to the heart then around the body via arteries to organs, muscles and glands. In the muscles, organs and glands, oxygenated blood goes through the capillaries and becomes deoxygenated blood, then travels back to the heart via the veins through to the pulmonary artery to the lungs where the deoxygenated blood becomes oxygenated then travels through the pulmonary vein and back to the heart where it is pumped throughout the body
How does blood circulate the body
The heart pumps the oxygenated blood out the pulmonary vein into the left atrium to the left ventricle out the the aorta and arteriole through to the capillaries in the bodies cells
Function of respiratory system
Provides blood and cells with oxygen and release carbon dioxide
Components of respiratory system
Trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles and the alveolus.
How does the respiratory system work
We inhale oxygen and carbon dioxide, it travels down through the trachea into the bronchi, then bronchioles through to the alveolus. The carbon dioxide is exhaled and the oxygen in injected into the bloodstream through the capillaries and then into the cells
What happens in the alveolus
Gaseous exchange - when oxygen goes into our cells and blood and carbon dioxide is exhaled
Function of the digestive system
To obtain nutrients from food that has been consumed
Main components of the digestive system
Mouth, oesophagus, liver, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, appendix, rectum and anus
How does the digestive system work
Food enters your mouth and is broken down by teeth and your salivary glands, it goes down your oesophagus, into your stomach and through your liver which filters the blood and gallbladder which helps digest fat and oil, into the small intestine which transports the nutrients through to the large intestine which absorbs the excess water and finally though the rectum and anus
Function of excretory system
To remove excess waste from blood and urea
Main components of the excretory system
Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra, anus
How does the excretory system work
Nutrients, water and waste products in the blood pass through the kidney where the nephrons filter the blood. The nutrients, water and waste products, travel down the ureter into the bladder which stores the waste products until the urethra transports it out
Difference between excretion and the excretory system
Excretion is the process of discharging waste where as the excretory system are the organisms working together to excrete
