Chemical Patterns Flashcards
Features of an atom
Protons,neutrons, electrons
Structure of atoms in terms of electron shells
The nucleus is drawn in the centre with the electrons arranged around the nucleus in circles representing energy levels or shells
Energy of electrons in the relation to shells
The electrons in the inner shells are attached to the nucleus and the electrons in the outer shells need more energy to keep them in place
How does the electron structure determine its place on the periodic table and its properties
The amount of electrons on its outer shell, determines which group it is in and the group it is in effects it’s radioactivity level
What are the patterns of elements in the same group
Elements in the same group have the same amount of electrons on the outer shell
Going down the group the atomic and mass number, the atomic radius and the metallic character increases and the metals become more reactive and the non metals become less reactive
What determines the chemical activity of metals
How easily they are able to give up the outer shell electrons
What is ion formation
It is when atom are unstable and the give or take electrons to fill the outer shell
Metal atoms - lose electrons and form cation - positively charged ions
Non metal atoms - gain electrons and form anion - negatively charged ions
How are ionic compounds formed
When a metal and non metal atom are unstable, te metal atom will give the outer shell electrons and the non metal atom to become stable by bot having a full outer shell. The metal atom becomes a cation and the non metal becomes an anion
