Human Bio Wk 6

Question 1

The four types of neuroglial cells found in the CNS are

Answer 1

Astrocytes, Microglia, Ependymal Cells and Oligodendrocytes

Question 2

The resting membrane potential of a neuron is

Answer 2

-70mV.

Question 3

Structures that reabsorb CSF back into the blood stream are called

Answer 3

arachinoid villi (of the dural venous sinuses)

Question 4

The outermost layer of the meninges is the

Answer 4

meninges is the dura mater.

Question 5

The functional junction between two neurons is called

Answer 5

synapse.

Question 6

Which cerebral hemisphere dominates in people who have increased musical and artistic awareness, along with insight and imagination?

Answer 6

The Right Hemisphere

Question 7

Name an inhibitory neurotransmitter

Answer 7

serotonin/dopamine/noradrenaline

Question 8

Cerebrospinal Fluid (formed by the choroid plexuses of the ventricles) forms the

Answer 8

contents of the ventricles of the brain.

Question 9

The circle of Willis is the

Answer 9

cerebral arterial circle, formed by the internal carotid and basilar arteries which supply the brain.

Question 10

The medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain all form which part of the brain?

Answer 10

Brain Stem

Question 11

The two parts (components) of the CNS are

Answer 11

Brain & Spinal Cord

Question 12

The ability to walk balanced on a straight line is used to determine the functioning of which part of the brain?

Answer 12

Cerebellum

Question 13

Which part of your brain allows you to sense, feel and consciously control your environment?

Answer 13

Cerebral Hemispheres. What do you feel happens when you go off to sleep? Partially arousal unconscious state, cortical activity depressed, brain stem regulates autonomic functions as normal, Hypothalamus and pineal regulate circadian sleep. REM and NREM alternate. Sleep or Delta waves on EEG.

Question 14

The medulla serves as a pathway for all motor/descending and sensory/ascending tracts. Its white matter therefore transmits (Sensory? Motor? both sensory and motor?)

Answer 14

impulses.

Question 15

A hard blow to the base of the skull can be fatal because the medulla is the site of three vital centres:

Answer 15

the cardiovascular center, regulating the heart; the respratory center, adjusting the rhythm of breathing; and the vasomotor center, regulating blood pressure by altering the diameter of blood vessels.

Question 16

You maintain a conscious state, or you wake up from sleep thanks to the regions of the brain known as the

Answer 16

RAS, Reticular Activating System These areas are especially sensitive to sight, sound and cutaneous sensations. The RAS is part of the reticular formation.

Question 17

If you look for the diencephalon in most external views of the brain, you will not find it. It is located (deep within?

Answer 17

On the surface of?) the cerebrum. The thalamus is the principal relay station for impulses.

Question 18

If a needle is used to deliver or remove fluids from the spaces surrounding the spinal cord, where is the best location (along the length of the cord) to perform the procedure? Why?

Answer 18

Subarachnoid space inferior to L2 and above L5. As the spinal cord stops being a single structure and breaks up into its spinal nerves from T12-L1 downwards. Thus it is relatively safe to insert a needle below this level