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Microbiology > Human Bio Module 2 > Flashcards

Human Bio Module 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Four types of tissue

A

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

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2
Q

Exocrine glands

A

Secrete products into a duct or hollow organ

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3
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Secrete products into bloodstream

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4
Q

Squamous

A

Flat epithelial cells

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5
Q

Cuboidal

A

Cube shaped epithelial cells

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6
Q

Columnar

A

Tall, rectangular epithelial cells

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7
Q

Simple squamous

A

Blood vessels
Air sacs of lungs
Permits exchange of gas, nutrients, and waste

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8
Q

Simple cuboidal

A

Kidney tubules and glands
Secrete and reabsorb water and small molecules

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9
Q

Simple columnar

A

Most digestive organs
Absorb nutrients and produces mucus

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10
Q

Stratified squamous

A

Outer layer of skin, mouth, and vagina
Protects against abrasion, dehydration, and infection

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11
Q

Stratified cuboidal

A

Ducts of sweat glands
Secretes water and ions
Rare

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12
Q

Stratified cuboidal

A

Epididymus, mammary glands, and larynx
Secretes mucus
Rare

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13
Q

Basement membrane

A

Non-cellular layer under epithelial
Made of proteins
Provides support and attaches epithelial to underlying tissues

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14
Q

Tight junctions

A

Seal plasma membrane tightly together
Digestive tract lining and bladder lining

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15
Q

Adhesion junctions/spot desmosomes

A

Permit some movement between cells
Allows tissue to stretch and bend
Skin, cardiac muscle cells

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16
Q

Gap junctions

A

Protein channels enable movement of materials between cells
Liver, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle

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17
Q

Types of connective tissue

A

Fibrous
Specialized

18
Q

Connective tissue features

A

Cells are scattered and not closely packed
Matrix composed of a ground substance and fibers

19
Q

Fibrous connective tissue cells

A

Mostly fibroblasts
White blood cells
Fat cells

20
Q

Fiber types

A

Collagen
Elastic
Reticular

21
Q

Specialized connective tissues

A

Cartilage
Bone
Blood
Adipose

22
Q

Fibrous tissue types

A

Loose connective
Dense connective

23
Q

Loose/areolar connective tissue

A

Most common type
surrounds internal organs, muscles, and blood vessels
provides support
gel like ground substance with loosely arranged fibers in all directions

24
Q

Dense connective tissue

A

Fibers are packed close together
Arranged parallel in dense regular (tendons and ligaments)
Fibers run in multiple direction in dense irregular (dermis)

25
Q

Types of muscle tissue

A

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

26
Q

Superior

A

Closer to head

27
Q

Inferior

A

Towards the lower part

28
Q

Medial

A

Closer to the middle

29
Q

Lateral

A

Farther from the midline

30
Q

Distal

A

Farther away from the trunk

31
Q

Proximal

A

Near the trunk

32
Q

Epidermis composition

A

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes (Basal layer)

33
Q

Dermis composition

A

Primarily dense connective tissue
Collagen and elastic fibers
Fibroblasts (most abundant)
WBCs
Fat cells

34
Q

Dermis accessory structures

A

Hair
Smooth muscle - attached to hair follicles
Sebaceous glands
Sweat glands
Blood vessels
Sensory nerve endings

35
Q

Negative feedback system components

A

Controlled variable
Sensor
Control center - receives input and signals effector
Effector - acts to correct
Method for homeostasis

36
Q

Positive feedback

A

Change in controlled variable causes amplification of original change
Childbirth
Not a method for homeostasis

37
Q

Epiphysis

A

Knob end of the bone

38
Q

Diaphysis

A

shaft of bone

39
Q

Central cavity

A

hollow inside of diaphysis
yellow marrow

40
Q

periosteum

A

connective tissue layer covering outer surface of bone

41
Q
A

Microbiology (4 decks)

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