Human Bio Exam

Question 0

Breathing (ventilation)

Answer 0

entrance and exit of air into and out of lungs

Question 1

Functions of the Respiratory System

Answer 1

• Moving air in and out of body
• Exchange of gases (between and lungs and the blood, and also between the blood and the tissues of the body)
• Production of sounds
• Olfaction (sense of smell)

Question 2

External respiration

Answer 2

exchange of gases between air in lungs and the blood

Question 3

Internal respiration

Answer 3

exchange of gases between blood and tissues

Question 4

Cellular respiration

Answer 4

production of ATP in cells using oxygen

Question 5

Pharynx: throat –

Answer 5

It is a common passageway for both food/drink and air

Question 6

A cartilaginous flap called the

Answer 6

Epiglottis

Question 7

The epiglottis is open when breathing, but closes off the entrance to the larynx (and trachea) during swallowing

Answer 7

when breathing, but closes off the entrance to the larynx (and trachea) during swallowing.

Question 8

Larynx

Answer 8

is the location of the vocal cords which vibrate to produce sounds.

Question 9

Air moves from the larynx to the…

Answer 9

Trachea

Question 10

The trachea is…

Answer 10

is a cartilaginous windpipe. It is lined with ciliated, psuedostratified epithelium. The cilia on these cells helps to keep trapped particles moving in an upward fashion so that they will not reach the lungs

Question 11

Mucus in the trachea is produced by goblet cells. The mucus helps trap particles.

Answer 11

.

Question 12

The trachea branches into

Answer 12

two bronchi – one leads to each lung.

Question 13

Bronchi split into smaller

Answer 13

bronchioles.

Question 14

Bronchioles end in sacs called

Answer 14

alveoli (they look like bunches of grapes).

Question 15

Cells in the alveoli secrete pulmonary surfactant.

Answer 15

Which is an oily substance that reduces surface tension

Question 16

Functions of the Muscular System

Answer 16

ØSupport body and help stay upright
ØAllow movement
ØHelp maintain body temperature by generating heat
ØHelp move blood and lymph
ØProtect vital organs

Question 17

Skeletal muscle

Answer 17

Skeletal muscle, composed of long thin cells called muscle “fibers,” allows the body to move. They are striated, multi-nucleate, and mainly voluntary.

Question 18

Smooth muscle

Answer 18

is found in the walls of hollow organs and tubes; the cells are smaller than those of skeletal muscle, are uni-nucleate and are not striated. They are involuntary.

Question 19

Cardiac muscle

Answer 19

is only found in the heart. Its function is to circulate blood throughout the body. The cells are striated, branched, and involuntary.