Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ultimate CFI Flashcards > Human Behavior & Effective Communication > Flashcards

Human Behavior & Effective Communication Flashcards

1
Q

What is the study of human behavior?

A

The study of human behavior is an attempt to explain how and why humans function the way they do.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the scientific world definition of human behavior?

A

In the scientific world, human behavior is seen as the product of factors that cause people to act in predictable ways.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the human need definition of human behavior?

A

Human behavior is the result of attempts to satisfy certain needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the personality definition of human behavior?

A

Katharine Cook Briggs & Isabel Briggs Myers believed random variation in human behavior is orderly and consistent, being due to basic differences in the ways individuals prefer to use their perception & judgement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why are human needs important?

A

Human needs are things required by humans to grow and develop.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name off Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs.

A
  1. Physiological
  2. Safety
  3. Belonging
  4. Esteem
  5. Cognitive & Aesthetic
  6. Self-Actualization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the physiological need?

A

Biological needs to stay alive. Unless the biological needs are met, a person cannot concentrate fully on learning, self-expression, or any other task. Instructors should monitor their students to make sure that their basic physical needs have been met.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the safety need?

A

All humans have a need to feel safe. If a student does not feel safe/he or she cannot fully concentrate on learning. The instructor who stresses flight safety during training can mitigate feelings of insecurity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the belonging need?

A

Humans are social creatures. People seek to overcome feelings of loneliness or isolation. Humans must give and receive affection. Students can feel isolated when they first start training. It is important as the instructor to make sure they feel welcomed and try to have them form relationships with other students.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the esteem need?

A

Humans have a need for a stable, firmly based, high level of self-respect and respect from others. Esteem is about feeling good about one’s self. When not satisfied, a person feels inferior, weak, helpless, and worthless.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the two types of esteem?

A

Internal Esteem :
A person judges himself worthy by personally defined standards. Results in: Self-Confidence, Independence, Achievement, Competence and Knowledge.
External Esteem:
When someone judges themselves by what others think of them. Most people seek this more than internal. They seek it through social approval. Relates to: Reputation, Status, Recognition, Appreciation and Respect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the cognitive need?

A

Humans have a deep need to understand what is going on around them. It allows the individual to control the situation or make informed choices about what steps might be taken next. The brain reinforces this need by sending a shot of dopamine to the brain when something is learned.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the aesthetic need?

A

Connects directly with human emotions. When someone likes another person, a house, a painting, or a song, the reasons are not examined. He or she simply likes it. If an instructor does not “like” a student, this subtle feeling may affect the instructor’s ability to teach the student.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the self-actualization need?

A

When all other needs are satisfied only then can self-actualization be attained. Need to be and do what one was “born to do” Realizing one’s own potential for continued development/reaching personal goals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are two types of defense mechanisms?

A

Biological Defense Mechanisms

Psychological Defense Mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are biological defense mechanisms?

A

A physiological response to protect or preserve an organism. It is the “Fight or Flight” response. Examples are a rapid heart rate, increase in adrenaline, increased blood pressure, etc. Students can experience this when learning new maneuvers such as stalls.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are psychological defense mechanisms?

A

Freud introduced ego defense mechanism. It is an unconscious mental process to protect oneself from anxiety and unpleasant emotions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What do all psychological defense mechanisms share?

A
  1. They often appear unconsciously

2. They distort reality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name off all of the psychological defense mechanisms.

A
  1. Repression
  2. Denial
  3. Displacement
  4. Reaction-Formation
  5. Fantasy
  6. Compensation
  7. Projection
  8. Rationalization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Explain repression.

A

A person places uncomfortable thoughts or experiences into inaccessible areas of the unconscious mind. Can be temporary forgetting to amnesia. Repressed memories do not disappear, and sometimes slip out in dreams known as a Freudian slip. A student pilot may have a repressed fear of flying that inhibits his or her ability to learn how to fly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Explain denial.

A

Denial is a form of repression. It is the refusal to accept the external reality because it is too threatening. Stressful thoughts are banned from the memory. Minimization is a form of denial. It is when you accept external reality, but in a diluted form.

22
Q

Explain displacement.

A

An unconscious shift of emotion from the original object to a more acceptable, less threatening substitute. A student is angry with the instructor over a grade received, but fears displaying the anger could cause the instructor to lower the grade. The student might choose to express the anger but redirects it toward another, safer person such as a spouse.

23
Q

Explain reaction-formation.

A

When a person fakes a belief opposite to the true belief because the true belief causes anxiety. A student may develop a who-cares-how-other-people-feel attitude to cover up feelings of loneliness and hunger for acceptance.

24
Q

Explain fantasy.

A

When a student engages in daydreams about how things should be rather than doing anything about how things are. Provides a simple and satisfying escape from reality. Can become so extreme that the student can’t distinguish between reality and fantasy.

25
Q

Explain compensation.

A

Highlighting a positive to cover up a negative and the emotions associated with the negative.

26
Q

Explain projection.

A

Blaming others for your own short comings. A student pilot fails a flight exam and says, “I failed because I had a poor instructor”.

27
Q

Explain rationalization.

A

Justifying actions that are unacceptable. Individual truly believes an acceptable excuse which seems real and justifiable.

28
Q

What is anxiety?

A

Anxiety is a feeling of worry or nervousness, usually about an upcoming event where the outcome is uncertain. It is the most significant psychological factor affecting flight instruction.

29
Q

What is the normal reaction to anxiety?

A

Correct reaction by reacting appropriately, adequately, and more rapidly than normal.

30
Q

What are abnormal reactions to anxiety?

A
  1. The person freezes and does nothing.

2. The person does a bunch of illogical things. Pretty much being overly impulsive.

31
Q

How can a flight instructor help to counter anxiety in a student?

A

Reinforcing the student’s enjoyment of flying and emphasizing the benefits and pleasurable experiences that can be derived from flying rather than citing unhappy consequences all the time. Treat fear as a normal reaction and help the student cope with fears. Make sure to go over all the knowledge before actually doing the flying portion of whatever they are having anxiety about.

32
Q

What is stress?

A

The bodies way of responding to a demand or threat. Whether real or imagined, it is the bodies way of protecting you.

33
Q

What is the normal reaction to stress?

A

The individual responds rapidly and exactly, within the limits of their training.

34
Q

What are some abnormal reactions to stress?

A
  1. Random or illogical reactions
  2. Inappropriate laughter or singing
  3. Changes in moods on different lessons
  4. Severe anger
35
Q

What should a flight instructor do if they feel that their student is suffering from a serious psychological abnormality?

A

Arrange that student to go up and fly with another instructor. After the flight, the two instructors should confer to determine whether they agree or not.

36
Q

What is communication?

A

Communication takes place when one person transmits ideas or feelings to another person or group of people.

37
Q

What is effective communication?

A

The effectiveness of communication is measured by the similarity between the idea transmitted and the idea received.

38
Q

What are the three elements of communication?

A
  1. Source
  2. Symbols
  3. Receiver
39
Q

Explain the source element of communication.

A

The source is the sender/speaker/instructor. The source needs to select and use language that is meaningful to the listener. The source needs to reveal a positive attitude and confidence toward the ideas being transmitted. The source needs to use accurate, up-to-date, and stimulating material in order to hold the interest and attention of the receiver.

40
Q

Explain the symbols element of communication.

A

The symbols are the words/pictures/signs. Important to choose best symbols to explain, clarify, and emphasize an idea. Use a variety of channels to communicate the idea (Sight/Hearing/Doing). Get feedback from the student to see if the symbols need modification for clarity. Students need feedback on how they are doing. Give negative feedback in private. Do not be judgmental when giving negative feedback.

41
Q

Explain the receiver element of communication.

A

The receiver is the listener/reader/student. Communication succeeds only when the receiver reacts with understanding and changes his/her behavior. Determine the abilities of the receiver. Can be complicated due to age, gender, cultural background and education. The receiver’s attitude can help the sender determine how they are reacting to the symbols. The receiver’s background & experience can better help the sender convey the message in symbols that the receiver can relate to and understand.

42
Q

Name off the barriers to effective communication.

A
  1. Confusion between the symbol & the symbolized object.
  2. Overuse of abstractions
  3. Interference
  4. Lack of common experience.
43
Q

Explain lack of common experience as a barrier to effective communication.

A

The greatest single barrier to effective communication. The sender’s words cannot communicate the desired meaning to the receiver unless the receiver has had some experience with the objects or concepts to which these words refer. It is essential that instructors speak the same language as the students.If instructor terminology is needed, make certain the student understands the terminology. For communication to be effective, the student’s understanding of the words must match the instructors.

44
Q

Explain confusion between the symbol and the symbolized object as a barrier to effective communication.

A

This results when a word is confused with what it is meant to represent. Words and symbols do not always represent the same thing to everyone. Example: Stall

45
Q

Explain overuse of abstractions as a barrier to effective communication.

A

Abstractions are words that are general rather than specific. Avoid abstractions when possible.

46
Q

Explain interference as a barrier to effective communication.

A
  1. Physiological - Hearing loss, injury, illness, etc.
  2. Environmental - Cannot be controlled and is caused by external physical conditions. (Noise)
  3. Psychological - How the student/instructor feel during the communication process. If either isn’t committed, or fear/mistrust exists, communication is impaired.
47
Q

Name off different ways to develop communication skills.

A
  1. Role Playing
  2. Instructional Communication
  3. Listening
  4. Questioning
  5. Instructional Enhancement
48
Q

Explain instructional communication.

A

Know the topic very well. Do not be afraid to use examples of past experience to illustrate particular points. Determine the level of understanding by use of some sort of evaluation.

49
Q

Explain how listening helps communication skills.

A

One way to become better acquainted with students is to be a good listener. Students also need to want to listen. The pilot must be ready to listen and be responsible for listening.

50
Q

What are some ways to develop your listening skills.

A
  1. Listen to understand, rather than to refute.
  2. Listen for the main ideas
  3. Don’t daydream
  4. Take notes
51
Q

Explain how questioning helps communication skills.

A

Good questioning can determine how well a student understands. Ask open ended and focused questions. Paraphrasing and perception checking can confirm understanding in the same way.

52
Q

What is instructional enhancement?

A

The deeper the knowledge about an area, the better the instructor is at conveying it.

Ultimate CFI Flashcards (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions