HUMAN ANATOMY Flashcards
What is the correct anatomical position?
- standing tall
- feet hip width apart
- looking ahead
- palms facing forward
Explain the FRONTAL plane of motion
- movement is side to side
- abduction/adduction
- lateral flexion
exercises: lateral raise, side lunge, standing hip adduction, lateral pull down, side bend
Explain the SAGITTAL plane of motion
- movement is forward and backward (& up/down)
- flexion/extension
- dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
exercises: bicep curl, tricep pushdown, leg curl, forward lunge, narrow row
Explain the TRANSVERSE plane of motion
- movement is horizontal-oriented or rotational
- horizontal abduction/adduction
- spinal rotation
exercises: dumbbell chest fly, chest fly machine, shoulder internal and external rotation, med ball rotational toss, wide row
Differentiate between ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR
anterior: front of the body
posterior: back of the body
Differentiate between LATERAL and MEDIAL
lateral: away from the midline
medial: toward the midline
example: outside of the knee is the lateral aspect, inside of the knee is the medial aspect
Differentiate between PROXIMAL and DISTAL
proximal: closer to the torso
distal: further from the torso
example: ankle is distal to the knee, hip is proximal to the knee
What is the AXIAL skeleton comprised of?
80 bones including the
- skull
- spine
- sternum
- ribs
helpful hint: axial= body axis
What is the APPENDICULAR skeleton comprised of?
“S.U.P.”
- 2.6. bones including
- shoulder complex
- upper and lower extremities
- pelvis
What is SKELETAL TISSUE comprised of?
collagen matrix (flexible) mineral content (stiffness)
What is BONE REMODELING?
osteoclasts (resorb) and osteoblasts (form)
Establish TENDONS vs LIGAMENTS
tendons= muscle-bone ligaments= bone-bone
Establish the 3 types of JOINTS
joints are “S.A.D.”
- Synarthrodial- immovable (skull joints)
- Amphoarthrodial- slightly movable (intravertabra joints)
- Diarthrodial- freely movable (shoulder or knee joint)
What type of joint is the GLENOHUMERAL joint? HIP joint?
ball and socket joint
What type of joint are the WRIST or FINGER joints?
condyloid or ellipsoid joint
*helpful hint: think “void a check with your fingers”
