Human Anatomy Flashcards
Inferior or caudal
Away from head; lower bottom, below
Superior or Carnial
Toward the head; upper , top , above
Anterior or central
Front
Posterior or dorsal
Back
Proximal
Toward it nearest to trunk ( chest and abdomen) , or point of origin of a part
Distal
Away from trunk it point of origin of a part
Lateral
Away from midline of body; towards the side
Frontal plane ( coronal plane )
Vertical plane running from side to side ; divides the body or any of its parts into anterior ( front ) and posterior ( back )
Lateral plane ( Sagittal plane )
A vertical plane running from side to side; divides the body or any of its parts into right and left sides
Transverse plane ( axial plane )
A horizontal plans ; divides the body or any parts of its superior ( upper ) and inferior ( lower )
Thoracic cavity
Thorax , thoracic, or chest cavity contains the heart , lungs , trachea , esophagus, large blood vessels and nerves
Abdominal ad pelvic cavity
The lower part of the central cavity can be further divided into two portions abdominal and pelivic
Abdominal contains the gastrointestinal tract , kidneys, and adrenal glands
Pelvic contains urgenital system as well as rectum
Dorsal cavity
Contains organs from the vertebral canal and carnival cavity
Why is it important for organs and organ systems in th body to work Togther ?
Thermoregulation , maintains internal organs
How do organs and organ systems communicate with one anther?
Chemical messages and nerve impulses
What is homeostasis ?
Regulation and maintenance of the internal environment
Name four parts of the control system
Sensors , control center , nervous and endocrine systems , targets
What is negative feedback?
Looks the counteract of any change that moves conditions above or below a set point
What is positive feed back ?
Louis increase change away from set point
What are sensors ?
Father information about internal and external environments
What is the Control Centre ?
Receives information from the sensors , compares it with set points , or ideal values , and responds by sending messages through a communication centres
What is the nervous and endocrine centre
Act as communication centres or idea values and respond by sending messages through an communication system. Nerve impulses or hormones are messages sent to targets throughout the body
What are targets ?
Organs , tissues , or cells that respond to messages
