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Clin med 2 > HTN MEDS > Flashcards

HTN MEDS Flashcards

1
Q

what are indications for thiazide?

A

HTN, calcium kidney stone, nephrogenic DI

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2
Q

what are S/E for thiazide ?

A

sulfa allergy, interstitial nephritis, alaklosisw

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3
Q

how does thaizide work and what are the effects?

A

thaizide works by inhibiting NA/CL transporter of DCT

PLUS CHAND
decrease BP, hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, sulfa allergy, hypercalcemia, metabolic ALKALOSIS, nephritits, hyperglycemia

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4
Q

what does spironolactone and triamterene do?

A

blocks aldosterone receptors!!! and ENaC receptors

(rememmber hyperaldosteorne is hypokalcemia, akalalosis, htn) so if you BLOCK aldosterone, then the effects youd get is HYPERKACEMIA and ACIDOSIS

so u get decrease pressure, HYPERKALCEMIA, ACIDOSIS

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5
Q

what are some indication for postassium sparing meds?

A

HTN, HF, hyperaldosterism (since these meds block aldosterone recpetor)

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6
Q

what are S/E of potssaium sparing meds?

A

HYPERkalzemia, metbaolis ACIDOSIS, gyneomastia (which is why u dont give this to boys)

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7
Q

what are the effects for ACEi/ARBS?

A

it decreases BP and causes metabolic ACIDOSIS and HYPERkalcemia since were blocking RAAS (which blocks aldoesterone)

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8
Q

what are some indication for ACEi/ARB?

A

HTN, HR, POST MIw

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9
Q

what are s/e of ACEi/ARB?

A

HYPERKALCEMIA, METABOLIC ACIDOSIS, COUGH (you get cough with ACEi- crazy right!?)

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10
Q

how does selective B blockers work? Metoprolol, atenolol - VARUN

A

selective B blocks bind to B1 receptors found in myocaridal muscules

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11
Q

what are the effects for B blockers?

A

it decreases HR and contractiolity which decrease strain and increases perfusion

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12
Q

what are hte indiciation for selective BB?

A

HTN w CAD/angina/ACS/MI/postMI

great for compenstated HF since it wiill reduce HF and increase CO

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13
Q

what are the S/E for selective BB? think of varun

A

impotence, depression, heart block, exercisie intolernace

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14
Q

how do nonselective BB work ? propranolol, labetalol, nadolol

A

it binds and blocks to B1 adrenergic receptors and B2 AND A1 receptors

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15
Q

what are the effects for non selective BB?

A

when it binds to B1 and B2 which will reduce HR and contraction and increase perfusion

when it binds to a1 receptor, it will so VASODILATION –> decrease SVR

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16
Q

what does propranolol do?

A

it blocks T4–>T3 which is called thyrotoxicosis

17
Q

what are the indication for non selective BB?

A

thyrotoxicossi!!!, HTN

18
Q

what are the S/E for non sleecitve beta blockers?

A

exercise intolernace, depression, impotennce, bronchoconstriction, HYPOglycemia, heart block

19
Q

what are the 5 contraindication for BB?

A
  1. cocacine induced MI: cocaicne binds to all the receptors so when B1 is blocked, coacine binds to A1 and casues vasoconstrictin (inducing)
  2. acute DECOMpenstated HF: always weak heart so will lose strongth and fluid will build ip
  3. COPD- even worse bronchocosntriction
  4. DM : hypoglycemia blocks glycogenolysis
  5. 2/3 heart block: 2 can turn into 3 since BB disrupts the AV node
20
Q

how does dihydro CCB work and the effects

A

it binds to Ca channels on the peripheral vessel and casues vasodialtion

21
Q

what are the indication and S/E for dihydro CCB?

A

indication are HTN, raynaud phenonomun (decreases vsaocontrction)

S/E: peripehral edema

22
Q

what rx would you give to someone with raynaud phenomenon?

A

dihydro CCB (amlopdipine, nifedipine)

23
Q

whats the contraidnciation for CCB?

A

decompensttes CHF
2/3 heat block

sicne it has similiar effects to BB

24
Q

how does non-dihydro CCB wokr and its effect?

A

it binds to Ca channle on the myocaridal cells

reduced HF, reduces contraction, vasodilation

25
Q

what are the indication for non-dihydro CCB?

A

prinzmetal’s agina (decreases vasospaoms)

Afib - decreases HR

26
Q

what are contraindication for non-dihydro CCB?

A

decompenstated CHF and 2/3 heat block

27
Q

how does acetazolaminde work and whats are the effects ?

A

it works by inhibiting carbonic anhydrase on the PCT

it decreases blood pressure and causes metabolic acidosis

28
Q

what are the indiation for acetazolime ?

A

intracranial hypertension
acute glaucoma
moutnain sickness

29
Q

what are the S/E for Acetazolamide ?

A

sufla allergy and metabolic acidosis

Clin med 2 (7 decks)

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