Htn Meds Flashcards

1
Q

What is considered stage 1 hypertension?

A

130-139

80-89

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2
Q

What is considered stage 2 hypertension?

A

greater than or equal to 140/90

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3
Q

What is normal bp?

A

less than 120/80

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4
Q

what is elevated bp?

A

120-129/<80

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5
Q

For pts with confirmed htn what is the recommended goal bp?

A

less than 130/80

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6
Q

If a pt has stage 1 htn with less than 10% ASCVD risk what would your first step be?

A

non-pharmacological therapy revisit 3-6 month

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7
Q

If a pt has stage 2 htn what would the tx be ?

A

initiate two htn meds from different classes f/u 1 month

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8
Q

If the pt has stage 1 htn DM or CKD with an ASCVD risk greater than or equal 10% what would be the initial approach to tx?

A

initiate rx and f/u in one month

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9
Q

What ist the basic MOA of thiazide diuretics ?

A

Blocks Na+ reabsorption in distal tubule increaseNa+ and H2o loss which reduces blood volume

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10
Q

In a Black pt what class of diuretics is preferred due to their effect on Na+ retention?

A

Thiazide diuretics

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11
Q

How do loop diuretics work?

A

they work in the loop of Henle to reduce Na+ and H2O retention to decrease the blood volume

K+ loss is relevant here

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12
Q

Which diuretic, loop, or thiazide help retain calcium?

A

thiazide diuretics retain Ca+

Loop diuretics cause excretion of Ca+

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13
Q

What diuretic has the risk of gynecomastia?

A

spironolactone

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14
Q

What is the moa of ace inhibitors?

A

they inhibit angiotensin-converting enz that block the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2

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15
Q

What antihypertensive drug class is contraindicated in pregnancy and conception?

A

Ace inhibitors and ARBs

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16
Q

What is the moa of ARB inhibitors?

A

Blocks Angiotensin 2 receptor bypassing the ACE

17
Q

What class of drugs ACE or ARB features an ADE rxn or cough?

A

ACE- inhibitor

18
Q

Why is angiotensin 2 a target in ACE and ARB inhibitors?

A

Angiotensin 2 causes vasoconstriction
Na+/H2O retention
Increase in Aldosterone

19
Q

What does aldosterone do?

A

causes the retention of salt in the body which leads to water retention