HTN Drugs Flashcards
Pregnancy
Good (3) and Bad (2) Drugs To Use
Safe:
Hydralazine (emergency)
Nifedipine (emergency)
alpha-Methyldopa (gestational HTN)
ACE Inhibitors
ARBs
First Line Drugs For HTN
Class and Examples (4)
Calcium Channel Blockers
Dihydropyridines:
Nifedipine
Amlodipine
Non-Dihydropyridines:
Diltiazem
Verapamil
Dihydropyridines
Effects (2) and Adverse Effects (5)
Coronary vasodilation
Peripheral vasodilation
Flushing Edema Headache Palpitations Gingival Hyperplasia
Non-Dihydropyridines
Effects (3), Adverse Effects (4) and Dosing Notes (2)
Coronary vasodilation
Negative inotropy and contractility
Headache
Gingival hyperplasia
Constipation
Bradycardia
Oral delivery
Frequency dependent on effects (cardioactive)
ACE Inhibitors
MOA (3), Uses (3), Adverse Effects (2) and Contraindications (2)
Blocks AGTII conversion which causes:
Decreased vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling
Decreases aldosterone which decreases BP
Maintenance of HTN, HTN emergencies and Heart Failure
Bradykinin cough
Angioedema (emergency if tongue swells)
Pregnancy
Bilateral renal stenosis (can cause renal failure)
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
MOA (4) and Adverse Effects (4)
Block AGTII receptor
Decreases vasoconstriction, remodeling and BP
Orthostatic Hypotension
Hypoglycemia
Hyperkalemia
*Adverse more common in diabetics
RAAS Inhibitors Main Use and Class Examples
ACEI (4), ARB (3) and Renin Blocker (1)
Captopril
Enalopril
Benzapril
Lisinopril
Losartan
Valsartan
Candesartan
Aliskiren
Especially useful for Renal HTN in unilateral Renal A stenosis
Sympatholytic Agents
Classes (3) and Important Warning
alpha1 Antagonists
alpha2 Antagonists
beta-Blockers
Can’t abruptly stop using due to deadly Rebound HTN
Phentolamine and Phenoxybenzamine
Drug Class, Effect and Side Effects (3)
alpha-1 Antagonist
Vasodilation
Hypotensive episodes
Orthostatic hypotension
Reflex tachycardia
alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists
MOA (5)
Locally increases BP
Travels to CNS and decreases SNS output which:
Decreases peripheral resistance
Decreases renal resistant
Decreases HR and BP
alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists
Examples (2) with Adverse Effects (3/2)
Clonidine
Rebound HTN, Xerostomia, Drowsiness
alpa-Methyldopa
Thrombocytopenia, SLE-like Syndrome
Beta-1 and Beta-2 Blockers
Effects (2 each) and Examples (Selective and Non)
Beta-1: Decreases HR and BP
Beta-2: Bronchoconstricts and Vasoconstricts
Beta-1 Selective:
Bisoprolol, Metoprolol and Atenolol
Non-Selective:
Propranolol
Propranolol
Adverse Effect and Contraindication
Cold Extremities
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Hydralazine
Effect, Uses (2), Main Side Effect
Direct arteriolar dilation
Used in hypertensive emergency in pregnancy
Used in reduced EF heart failure
Drug Induced SLE-like Syndrome
Nitroprusside
Effects (2) and Danger
Venule and Arteriole dilation
Thiocyanate poisoning
