HTML & CSS Flashcards
Where do you put non-visible content about the HTML document?
In the head element
Where do you put visible content about the HTML document?
In the Body element
Where do the and tags go in a valid HTML document?
Inside the element
What is the purpose of a declaration?
to tell the browser what version of HTML you are using
Give five examples of HTML element types.
head, body, ol, ul, div, p, img
What is the purpose of HTML attributes?
provide additional information about the contents of an element
Give an example of an HTML entity (escape character).
copywrite: © or ©
How do block-level elements affect the document flow?
They separate items inside them from other elements on the page into their own lines
How do inline elements affect the document flow?
they can be used to assign an element to something sharing space(or lines) with other code or text
What are the default width and height of a block-level element?
100 by default
What are the default width and height of an inline element?
Only as much room as the enclosed content needs
What is the difference between an ordered list and an unordered list in HTML?
ordered list uses numbers and unordered list uses dots(by default)
Is an HTML list a block element or an inline element?
block
What HTML tag is used to link to another website?
anchor element or a
What is an absolute URL
A link to a location outside of your server or website
What is a relative URL?
a link to another location within your own website
How do you indicate the relative link to a parent directory?
../filename
How do you indicate the relative link to a child directory?
name of the directory with a forward slash(/) then the file name (directory/filename)
How do you indicate the relative link to a grand parent directory?
repeat the dot dot slash method (../../)
How do you indicate the relative link to the same directory?
just the filename
What is the purpose of an HTML form element?
to be a boundary for form control elements
Give five examples of form control elements.
option, textarea, input, select, button
Give three examples of type attribute values for HTML elements
checkbox, text, radio, submit
Is an HTML element a block element or an inline element?
inline
What are the six primary HTML elements for creating tables?
table, thead, tbody, tr, td,th
What purpose do the thead and tbody elements serve?
is for describing the content in
Give two examples of data that would lend itself well to being displayed in a table.
populations of cities
student grades
What are the names of the individual pieces of a CSS rule?
selector, rule block, property, value
In CSS, how do you select elements by their class attribute?
use a period with the classname (.classname)
In CSS, how do you select elements by their type?
using element names and commas
In CSS, how do you select an element by its id attribute?
pound sign and classname (#classname)
Name three different types of values you can use to specify colors in CSS.
HSL functional, hex code, RGB functional, color name
What CSS properties make up the box model?
margin, padding, border
Which CSS property pushes boxes away from each other?
margin
Which CSS property add space between a box’s content and its border?
padding
What is a pseudo-class?
a class used to apply style to elements under particular conditions
What are CSS pseudo-classes useful for?
simplifying the assignment of styling for larger scale projects
Name two types of units that can be used to adjust font-size in CSS.
rem and px
What CSS property controls the font used for the text inside an element?
font-family
What is the default flex-direction of a flex container?
row
What is the default flex-wrap of a flex container?
no-wrap
Why do two div elements “vertically stack” on one another by default?
because theyre block elements
What is the default flex-direction of an element with display: flex?
row
what is the purpose of the container class?
It sets up a makeshift block to be controlled
what is the purpose of the row class?
to set up a vertical chunk to be manipulated
what is the purpose of the column class?
to set up a vertical chunk to be manipulated
What is the default value for the position property of HTML elements?
position: static;
How does setting position: relative on an element affect document flow?
the document flow remains the same, only the selected element will move
How does setting position: relative on an element affect where it appears on the page?
it changes where it sits on the page relative to its original position from the normal flow of the page elements.
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect document flow?
it removed the effected element and causes the rest of the elements to shift upward as though the absolute element isn’t there
How does setting position: absolute on an element affect where it appears on the page?
its boundry will be the closest non-static parent
How do you constrain an absolutely positioned element to a containing block?
add the CSS property for position: relative;
What are the four box offset properties?
top, bottom, left, right
What does the transform property do?
modifies the coordinate space of the CSS visual formatting model
Give four examples of CSS transform functions.
rotate, skew, scale, translate
The transition property is shorthand for which four CSS properties?
property, duration, timing-function, delay
Give two examples of media features that you can query in an @media rule
min-height, mid-width, max-width
Which HTML meta tag is used in mobile-responsive web pages?
What is a breakpoint in responsive Web design?
What is the advantage of using a percentage (e.g. 50%) width instead of a fixed (e.g. px) width for a “column” class in a responsive layout?
so that it will adjust accordingly to changing screen size not only between screen sizes but also viewport sizes on desktop windows
If you introduce CSS rules for a smaller min-width after the styles for a larger min-width in your style sheet, the CSS rules for the smaller min-width will “win”. Why is that?
