HTML

Question 1

Where do you put non-visible content about the HTML document?

Answer 1

head holds information about the page, holds the metadata

Question 2

Where do you put visible content about the HTML document?

Answer 2

body holds what will be displayed on the page

Question 3

Where do the head and body tags go in a valid HTML document?

Answer 3

Within the html element

Question 4

What is the purpose of a !DOCTYPE declaration?

Answer 4

Tells the browser what sort of document it will be encountering (HTML 4 or 5, XHTML, XML, etc.)

Question 5

Give five examples of HTML element types.

Answer 5

head, body, p, img, h1

Question 6

What is the purpose of HTML attributes?

Answer 6

They give additional information about the element that they are on

Question 7

Give an example of an HTML entity (escape character).

Answer 7

< and the copyright symbol (©, & copy ;) are both HTML entities (also called escape characters). They will always have ampersand and semicolon (not required but should be there)

Question 8

How do block-level elements affect the document flow?

Answer 8

Block-level elements appear on a separate line (they are a block)
- Elements after block-level elements will be on a new line because the block takes up the whole width of the line, leaving no room for the next element

Question 9

How do inline elements affect the document flow?

Answer 9

Inline elements will affect the text in the line, not creating a new line for a new block

Question 10

What are the default width and height of a block-level element?

Answer 10

Takes up the full width available (100%). Default height is that of the content (auto).

Question 11

What are the default width and height of an inline element?

Answer 11

Only takes up as much width as necessary (auto). The height is that of the content (exactly) (auto).

Question 12

What is the difference between an ordered list and an unordered list in HTML?

Answer 12

Browsers will display ordered list with a progression (1, 2, 3, …) while unordered lists will be shown with just bullets

Question 13

Is an HTML list a block element or an inline element?

Answer 13

HTML lists are block elements (ol, ul, and li)

Question 14

What HTML tag is used to link to another website?

Answer 14

Anchor tag a href=””

Question 15

What is an absolute URL?

Answer 15

Has enough information to get to the desired page

Starts with a domain name, followed by a path to the page/file

Question 16

What is a relative URL?

Answer 16

Refers to a file relative to the current file/document, traversing a folder structure
Domain name can be omitted through this way

Question 17

When should tags b and i be used instead of strong or em?

Answer 17

b and i should only be used when the text needs to be bolded or italicized (such as with song titles, movie titles) but not for emphasis. Those should use the strong or em tags.

Question 18

How do you indicate the relative link to a parent directory?

Answer 18

Use ../ to indicate going up a directory to the parent

Question 19

How do you indicate the relative link to a child directory?

Answer 19

Simply start with the name of the child like child_dir/child_dir_file.png

Question 20

How do you indicate the relative link to a grand parent directory?

Answer 20

Double up on the parent directory method, ../../

Question 21

How do you indicate the relative link to the same directory?

Answer 21

Simply indicate the file you want to access, file_in_same_folder.png

Question 22

What is the purpose of an HTML “form” element?

Answer 22

Holds the form control elements
! Not the same as allowing users to interact with a page and submit information (which is what a form does, but not the “form” element)

Question 23

Give five examples of form control elements

Answer 23

input, select, option, textarea, button

Question 24

Give three examples of “type” attribute values for HTML “input” elements

Answer 24

text, radio, checkbox, password, submit, image, file

Question 25

Is an HTML”input”element a block element or an inline element?

Answer 25

inline element

Question 26

When do you we use a “label” or a “p”/”div” to put text in front of an input?

Answer 26

Labels should be specific to an “input” by the input’s “id” attribute
Use a “p” if it’s referring to a group of “input”s
Use div to create a new block element

Question 27

What are the six primary HTML elements for creating tables?

Answer 27

table, thead, tbody, tr, th, td (tfoot sometimes)

Question 28

What purpose do the thead and tbody elements serve?

Answer 28

thead indicates the header of the table, holding the columns

tbody indicates the body of the table

Question 29

Give two examples of data that would lend itself well to being displayed in a table.

Answer 29

Tabular Data
A list of product and their prices
A list of specifications and their values for a product
A list of students and their grades

Question 30

What is a client?

Answer 30

A computer or application that sends requests to and receives responses from a server

Question 31

What is a server?

Answer 31

A computer or application that listens for requests from and sends reponses to clients

Question 32

Which HTTP method does a browser issue to a web server when you visit a URL?

Answer 32

GET

Question 33

What three things are on the start-line of an HTTPrequestmessage?

Answer 33

• An HTTP method, such as GET or POST (can also be PUT, HEAD, OPTIONS, possibly more)
• A request target, which is usually a URL
• The HTTP version which defines what the rest of the message will look like

Question 34

What three things are on the start-line of an HTTPresponsemessage?

Answer 34

Note: the “start line” of an HTTP response is also known as the “status line”

• The protocol version (usually HTTP/1.1)
• The status code, like 404, 403, or 200
• The status text, which is a human readable message about the status code (Not Found, Forbidden, etc.)

Question 35

What are HTTP headers?

Answer 35

HTTP headers come after the start line and before the empty line + body of HTTP requests and responses
They hold additional information about a request/response being sent from a client/server
There are many groups that headers can be categorized into, like general headers, request and response headers, representation headers, and more

Question 36

Where would you go if you wanted to learn more about a specific HTTP Header?

Answer 36

MDN has documentation on specific headers, list can be found here

Question 37

Is a body required for a valid HTTP request or response message?

Answer 37

No, it’s optional