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Science > HTEWM Video Flashcards > Flashcards

HTEWM Video Flashcards

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1
Q

What was Earth like:

4.5 BYA

A

World of Fire: Earth entirely molten, ~8,000º F, lots of meteor impacts, very little atmosphere

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2
Q

What was Earth like:

4.0 BYA

A

Water World: Surface rocks have cooled, small volcanic islands, 90% ocean, iron rich green oceans, CO2 rich red atmosphere, ~200+º F

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3
Q

What was Earth like:

3.4 BYA

A

Granite Planet: New granite forming the first cratons and continents, shallow water along edges of new land, lots of stromatolites, O2 being added to air

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4
Q

What was Earth like:

1.5 BYA

A

Blue Planet: Continents growing larger, lots of stromatolites, more oxygen in atmosphere, skies turning blue, iron in oceans “rusting” and sinking, oceans turning blue

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5
Q

What was Earth like:

1.0 BYA

A

Supercontinent Rodinia: Continental collisons, land is barren and lifeless, land blocks warm ocean currents, temperature dropping, poles freezing over

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6
Q

What was Earth like:

700 MYA

A

Snowball Earth: Polar ice moving towards equater becasue warm ocean currents are blocked, entire planet under 1 mile of ice, -40º F, mass extinction in oceans

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7
Q

What was Earth like:

650-550 MYA

A

Breakup of Rodinia: CO2 levels increase, temps rising, high oxygen levels, ozone layer starts forming, ocean basins widening, explosion of marine life

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8
Q

What was Earth like:

300 MYA

A

World of Tropical Swamps: Continents converging, Earth hot and humid, large plants, jungles and swamps, giant insects, amphibians and reptiles, oceans full of life

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9
Q

What was Earth like:

300-200 MYA

A

Supercontinent Pangea: N/S America, Africa, Europe and Antartica all connected, time of huge volcanic eruptions, mass extinction event and rise of dinausours, O2 and CO2 levels rising

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10
Q

What was Earth like:

200-100 MYA

A

Breakup of Pangea: Intense global warming, highest levels of O2 and CO2, hot and humid, tropical forests with dinausours, overactive volcanoes

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11
Q

What is Earth like:

Present Day

A

Earth Today: 71% ocean, 29% land, 7 continents, atmosphere 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, .9% argon, planet getting warmer, experiencing global climate change

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12
Q

Rocks at Siccar Point, Scotland

What does this evidence prove?

A

Evidence that the Earth is very old

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13
Q

Modern day volcanic activity

What does this evidence prove?

A

Evidence that Earth started out entriely molten

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14
Q

Radioactive elements such as uranium and potassium

What does this evidence prove?

A

Provides evidence via radiocative decay that Earth formed 4.5 BYA

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15
Q

Ancient pillow lavas dating 3.5 BYA

What does this evidence prove?

A

Provides evidence that Earth was covered by deep oceans 3.5 BYA

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16
Q

Ancient zircon crystals dating back 4.4 BYA

What does this evidence prove?

A

Provides evidence that Earth’s surface had water on it 4..4 BYA

17
Q

Meteorites that have fallen to Earth

What does this evidence prove?

A

Provides evidence that most of Earth’s water arrived on meteors

18
Q

Ancient granite cratons dating back 3.4 BYA

What does this evidence prove?

A

Provides evidence that the first continents on Earth were forming 3.4 BYA

19
Q

Living and fossilized stromatolites

What does this evidence prove?

A

Provides evidence that early life on Earth changed the atmosphere by creating and releasing oxygen through photosynthesis

20
Q

Banded iron formations dating back 1.5 - 2.5 BYA

What does this evidence prove?

A

Provides evidence that Earth’s atmosphere contained oxygen starting 2.5 BYA. This change caused the iron dissolved in ocean water to rust and sink, eventually creating rock

21
Q

Fossilized trilobites being discovered on both sides of the Atlantic

What does this evidence prove?

A

Provides evidence that the Atlantic Ocean didn’t always exist and Earth’s continents were connected

22
Q

Matching coastlines of Africa and South America

A

Provides evidence that Earth’s continents used to be connected

23
Q

WWII sonar maps of undersea terrain

A

Provides evidence that Earth’s crust is separated into large plates that move, recycle and the seafloor

24
Q

Volcanic fissures and fissure eruptions in Iceland

A

Provides evidence that Earth’s crust is separated into large plates that move as seafloor is created and recycled

25
Q

Evidence:

Samples of fossils, microfossils, and distinctive rock types from present-day continental margins

A

Provides evidence for how continents were connected in the past and how they have moved.

26
Q

Burgess shale fossils

A

Provides evidence of a sudden increase of diversity and complexity in marine animals about 500 MYA.

27
Q

Coal, oil, and gas deposits dating back 300 MYA

A

Provides evidence that 300 MYA, Earth was hot, humid, lush, and swampy on land and hosted lots of marine life.

28
Q

The presence of ozone gas in the atmosphere
~600 MYA

A

Provides evidence of high oxygen levels in the atmosphere. The ozone layer also allowed life to move onto land becuase it protected the surface from harmful UV rays.

29
Q

Thick lava and ash deposits in Siberia dating back 250 MYA

A

Provides evidence of a huge, violent, long-lasting, “mantle-plume” eruption 250 MYA that caused Earth’s worst mass extinction (so far)

30
Q

Big dinosaur fossils dating from 225 MYA - 65 MYA

A

Provides evidence that the when dinosaurs lived Earth’s atmosphere had high oxygen levels and was planet was hot, humid, and full of large plants to feed the dinausours.

31
Q

Diamonds from the Kimberly area of South Africa

A

Provides evidence of supervolcanic eruptions during the time of dinosaurs. Also, suggest that the supercontinent Pangaea was breaking apart starting ~ 200 MYA

32
Q

The global layer of iridium, the Chicxulub crater, and massive lava flows in India from 65 MYA

A

Provides evidence that a massive meteor impact combined with huge volcanic eruptions triggered the extinction of dinosaurs and other organisms 65 MYA

33
Q

Deformed quartz crystals in the alpine rocks of the Swiss Alps

A

Provides evidence that tectonic forces pushed two separate plates (Africa and Europe) into one another and created a mounatian range

34
Q

The Grand Canyon, Arizona

A

Provides evidence that tectonic forces pushed up a large block of North America (the Colorado Plateau) that water later cut through creating a very deep canyon

35
Q

GPS devices on glaciers in Iceland; boulders and towers of gravel in Switzerland; long grooves in the bedrock of NYC

A

Provides evidence that glaciers move and carve the landscape and Earth experienced an ice age in the recent past

Science (3 decks)

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