Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography > HSC Term 1 (Urbanisation and Geographical Skills) > Flashcards

HSC Term 1 (Urbanisation and Geographical Skills) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

Urbanization

A

The movement of people from rural to larger cities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Pull Factors

A

Employment, Higher standards of living, entertainment,

Medical facilities, Education

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Push Factors

A

Landlessness, desertification, rapid population growth, rural poverty, lack of education, growth of commercial agriculture, war and civil disobedience.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Megacity

A

A city with more than 10 mill people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

World city

A

A city developed in the center of global significance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Problems with large cities

A

High unemployment, poverty, crime and violence, overcrowded housing, inadequate infrastructure, environmental issues, corruption.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Quality of life

A

Happiness and standard of living.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Social Attractions

A

Cities offer many diverse cultures and people and cultural enrichment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Social disadvantages

A

Stress(Parking, house price) Crime, isolation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Population Density

A

How packed a region is.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Impact of urbanisation on rural areas

A

For developed countries: school closures, shop and service closures (because young people and young families leave). For developing countries: families split up, elderly left without support (because men aged 15-45 typically migrate).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Impact of urbanisation on the environment

A
  1. Carbon emissions: cities = 3% lands surface but 75% of CO2 emissions. People living in cities consume 5-10 time more power than those living in rural areas. 2. Urban heat island effect: cities absorb heat during the day and release it at night. 3. Water consumption: cities consume large quantities of water and produce large quantities of wastewater.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Australia’s urbanisation rate 2020

A

86%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fastest growing areas of Australia today

A

Areas surrounding large cities and resource-rich capitals (Perth, Brisbane).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Advantages of dense urban concentrations

A
  1. Better infrastructure. 2. Better services (education, healthcare). 3. More diversity in culture, sport and entertainment. 4. Economic advantages from economies of scale. 5. More shops and competition. 6. More jobs and variety of work.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Disadvantages of dense urban concentrations

A
  1. Congestion. 2. Pollution. 3. Housing affordability. 4. A lack of a sense of community. 5. Higher levels of crime.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many megacities are in Asia?

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the causes of urbanisation in Asia?

A
  1. Globalisation (foreign investment). 2. Growth of the informal economy. 3. Increase in fertility and decline in deaths. 4. Absorption of towns into cities.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which cities in Asia are growing the fastest?

A

Cities with a population of between 500,000 and 5 million.

20
Q

Positive outcomes of urbanisation in Asia

A
  1. Increase in the standard of living. 2. MASSIVE decrease in poverty. 3. More diversity and social harmony.
21
Q

Negative outcomes of urbanisation in Asia

A
  1. Squatter settlements (40% of Asia’s urban population lives in slums). 2. Disease (due to lack of adequate water infrastructure). 3. Funding to rural areas cut to pay for infrastructure in cities. 4. Demolition of significant cultural and social sites. 5. Forced relocation.
22
Q

Urbanisation in China: Statistics.

A

1992 - 25%. 2015 - 55%. 2035 - f. 70%.

23
Q

What are the three main metropolitan areas in China.

A
  1. Yangzi river delta. 2. Pearl river delta. 3. Beijing - Yiangin - Bohai region.
24
Q

Economic outcomes of urbanisation in China

A

2011 - world’s second largest economy, on the way to being the world’s largest economy. Every 10m additional urban citizens = 4% increase in GDP. 1981 - 85% poverty. 2005 - 16% poverty. Poverty is also continuing to decline.

25
Q

Impact of urbanisation on rural-urban workers.

A

Referred to as mingong. 2009 - 230m mingong. 40% have no contracts for the work they do. Often complete dangerous and low paid jobs. Average cost of an apartment is 29 times their income.

26
Q

Other impacts of urbanisation in China

A
  1. Severe air pollution. 2. Stress. 3. Water shortages (1/2 of all Chinese cities experience water shortages. 4. 700m people drink water below WHO (world health organisation) standards.
27
Q

What are the negative impacts of cities on the environment?

A
  1. Loss of habitat and agriculture. 2. Air pollution.
28
Q

What are the positive impacts of cities on the environment?

A
  1. Efficiency. 2. Funding for environmental projects.
29
Q

What is the US population in 2022?

A

335 million.

30
Q

What proportion of the US population lives on the coast?

A

2/3

31
Q

What proportion of the US is made up of the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains states?

A

50%

32
Q

What proportion of the US population resides in the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains states?

A

34%

33
Q

Population density in the US?

A

34 people / sq km

34
Q

Population density in Australia?

A

2.9 people / sq km

35
Q

What percent of the USA is urbanized

A

82%

36
Q

What percent of the US population lives inner city

A

30%

37
Q

Average gradient

A

Run

38
Q

Aspect

A

The direction of the slope the faces

39
Q

Local relief

A

The difference in height between highest and lowest point in an area

40
Q

Types of Agriculture

A

Traditional, Extensive, Commercial, Intensive

41
Q

Traditional Agriculture

A

Whens its been handed down for generations

42
Q

Commercial Agriculture

A

Farming for a profit - can produce large amount of non food products

43
Q

Intensive Agriculture

A

Involves farming a small area with labour or capital

44
Q

Extensive Agriculture

A

involves farming a large area with limited labour

45
Q

Different types of population pyramid

A

high fluctuating, early expanding, late expanding, low fluctuating, and natural decrease.

Geography (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions