HSAB principle

Question 1

characteristics of soft acids

Answer 1

high electronegativity (for metals), large size (for metals)

Question 2

characteristics of soft bases

Answer 2

moderate electronegativity (for main group), large size (for main group)

Question 3

characteristics of soft bases

Answer 3

high electronegativity, small size

Question 4

characteristics of hard acids

Answer 4

low electronegativity, small size

Question 5

soft acids occur in nature as ?

Answer 5

chlorides, bromides, iodides, sulfides, selenides, arsenides

Question 6

grignard reagent

Answer 6

XMgF

Question 7

softest acid

Answer 7

Au

Question 8

further from Au the ?(harder/softer) the acid

Answer 8

softer

Question 9

the smaller the metal ion, the (harder/softer) the acid

Answer 9

harder

Question 10

the higher the oxidation state, the (harder/softer) the acid

Answer 10

harder

Question 11

hard bases

Answer 11

O, F

Question 12

borderline bases

Answer 12

N, Cl

Question 13

soft bases (not softest)

Answer 13

S, Br

Question 14

softest bases

Answer 14

C, P, As, Se, Te, I

Question 15

hard acids

Answer 15

groups 1-6, actinides, lanthanides, B, Al, Si, Ga, Ge