HS2004_2339 Week 6 Asyn_Solvents 1 & 2 Flashcards
Uses of Solvents in Conservation (6)
A homogenous mix of two sets of molecules is a _______
Describe the process of solvation
A solution
polar charges on the water allow it to surround the solute ions (like vs like, eg polar molecules)
equation showing the energy involved when overcoming bonds between molecules
Delta Δ means a change in a property
- free energy ΔGmix can be positive or negative. negative value is more likely to take place, as is a larger number
- has to be negative for solvation to occur
Diagram of solvent molecules being dissolved in a gel
Diagram of different types of bonds, why do some solvents dissolve some polymers
Solvation occurs because of the structure of a polymer, and the structure of the solvent
- must have secondary attraction between the solvent and polymer molecules
This is a fun game. Name the functional group!
guess the functional group!
How to decide the appropriate solvent for an alkane polymer
With alkanes, straight chain hydrocarbons, no oxygen, only dispersion forces, no hydrogen bonding, no polarity, so a solvent with lots of dispersion forces would be best
Another diagram of different bond types
Describe why water dissolves alcohol
- Diagram shows areas of polarity
- carboxylic acid, polarity in the OH bond and the double bonded oxygen
- water hydrogen bonds, and surrounds the molecules because of areas of polarity
Describe the structure of a fatty acid, otherwise know as a long chain ________
- Carboxylic acid
- long hydrocarbon chain contains only dispersion forces, hence its hydrophobic
- the carboxylic acid is polar, hence hydrophilic, because it can hydrogen bond
What works for solvating fats and fatty acids?
- to surround the hydrogen carbon chains, requires a solvent that is predominantly dispersion force- based
- Side note fats normally exist bonded onto a glycerol, reacting with the carboxylic acid, forming triglycerides!
To aid with dissolving fats, we use __________
- Detergents
To aid with dissolving fats, we use __________. Difference between nonionic and ionic structures?
- Detergents
- nonionic have a natural head with a lot of hydroxyls on, which attract water
- ionic have an ionic bond with sodium on the head (can go into solution and cause problems)
How does the solvation of a fat work with soap?
Working out the solubility parameter of a solvent
List of Fractional Solubility Perameters
How teas charts are plotted
Calculating the solubility of mixtures of solvents
uses and limitations of teas charts
Testing and plotting the solubility region of a substrate- diagram
what is bloom? (solvents)
How fast a solvent evaporates
The solvation effects on varnish during cleaning
some notes on solvent concentrations
details about paint & its removal
