HR - Chapter 3 Vocabulary

Question 1

Blastocyst

Answer 1

The hollow ball of cells formed by a developing embryo; the inner mass of cells gives rise to the embryo proper, whereas the outer layer of cells help form the amniotic sac and placenta (Pg. 95)

Question 2

Cervix

Answer 2

The lower portion of the uterus that connects the uterus to the vagina (Pg. 87)

Question 3

Contraception

Answer 3

A technology that prevents pregnancy (Pg. 103)

Question 4

Corpus Luteum

Answer 4

The structure formed from a ruptured follicle that produced a mature egg; produces the hormone progesterone (Pg. 87)

Question 5

Endometrium

Answer 5

The lining of the uterus that is produced each month in response to hormones produced during ovulation; helps form the placenta if fertilization and implantation occur (Pg. 88)

Question 6

Epididymis

Answer 6

The structure above each testis in which sperm finish maturing and are stored until ejaculation (Pg. 83)

Question 7

Estrogen

Answer 7

A hormone produced by the ovaries that plays multiple roles in female humans, including developing secondary female characteristics and regulating menstrual cycle; estrogen also plays other roles in both human males and females (Pg. 85)

Question 8

Fallopian Tube

Answer 8

The tube that sweep mature eggs up from the ovary and carries them to the uterus (Pg. 87)

Question 9

Fetus

Answer 9

The developing embryo that has been implanted for approximately eight or nine weeks; in mammals, the fetus has all the major structures of an adult (Pg. 97)

Question 10

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Answer 10

A hormone that is produced in the brain and is circulated through the blood in the body to the gonads, where it signals the reproductive system to begin producing mature gametes (Pg. 78)

Question 11

Gonads

Answer 11

The reproductive organs that produce gametes; these are the ovaries in females and the testes in males (Pg. 78)

Question 12

Implantation

Answer 12

The process by which the blastocyst attaches itself into the endometrium (Pg. 96)

Question 13

Infertility

Answer 13

The inability to reproduce caused by problems producing suitable gametes, difficulty conceiving, or problems with implantation (Pg. 106)

Question 14

Menstrual Cycle

Answer 14

The cycle by which a mature egg is produced and released approximately every month (Pg. 88)

Question 15

Menstruation

Answer 15

The breakdown and shedding of the endometrium from the body, along with the dead, unfertilized egg (Pg. 88)

Question 16

Ovaries

Answer 16

The female gonads that produce eggs (Pg. 85)

Question 17

Ovulation

Answer 17

The release of a mature egg from a follicle in the ovary, usually, one egg is release approximately every 28 days (Pg. 86)

Question 18

Oxytocin

Answer 18

A hormone that makes the uterus contract rhythmically (Pg. 97)

Question 19

Penis

Answer 19

The organ of a male mammal that delivers the sperm to the female during reproduction (Pg. 83)

Question 20

Placenta

Answer 20

The organ that connects a developing embryo to the wall of the uterus and allows the exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and carbon dioxide between the mother and the embryo (Pg. 96)

Question 21

Progesterone

Answer 21

A hormone that plays multiple roles in female humans, including developing secondary female characteristics and regulating menstrual cycles; progesterone also plays other roles in both human males and females (Pg. 85)

Question 22

Prostate Gland

Answer 22

The gland that produces a think, milky fluid called seminal fluid, which combines with sperm to make semen (Pg. 83)

Question 23

Puberty

Answer 23

The period of growth and development of the final adult form and of sexual maturation (Pg. 78)

Question 24

Scrotum

Answer 24

The sac located outside of the body that contains and protects the testes (Pg. 82)

Question 25

Seminiferous Tubules

Answer 25

A type of tissue that makes up the tests and whose cells divide by mitosis to produce diploid cells that develop into sperm (Pg. 83)

Question 26

Testes

Answer 26

The male gonads that produce sperm (Pg. 81)

Question 27

Testosterone

Answer 27

A hormone that is responsible for developing the secondary male sex characteristics in human males; testosterone also plays other roles in both human males and females (Pg. 81)

Question 28

Urethra

Answer 28

The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body; in male mammals, it is also the tube that carries semen from the vas deferens, through the penis, to the outside of the body (Pg. 84)

Question 29

Uterus

Answer 29

The hollow, pear-shaped organ in the female mammal reproductive system that contains and protects the developing baby (Pg. 87)

Question 30

Vagina

Answer 30

The long, muscular tube in female mammals that leads from the cervix to the outside of the body; also called the birth canal (Pg. 87)