HR

Question 1

What are the 7 HR objectives?

Answer 1

Labour productivity
Workforce
Employee Engagement/involvement
Training
Talent development
Diversity
Alignment value

Question 2

Labour productivity calc

Answer 2

total output/no. of employees

Question 3

Unit labour costs

Answer 3

labour costs/output

Question 4

employee costs as % of revenue

Answer 4

employee costs/revenue x100

Question 5

Labour turnover

Answer 5

staff leaving/average no. of staff x100

Question 6

2 types of HRM

Answer 6

Hard and Soft

Question 7

Hard HRM

Answer 7

treats employees as just another resource

Question 8

Soft HRM

Answer 8

treats employees as most important resource (competitive advantage)

Question 9

Hard HRM features

Answer 9

• minimal communication
  -tall structure
  -top down
  -financial motivation
  autocratic leadership

Question 10

Soft HRM Features

Answer 10

-two way communication
-performance pay
- flat structure
-non financial motivation
-job design/satisfaction
-democratic style

Question 11

how to improve labour turnover

Answer 11

-efficient training
-competitive pay
-incentives and rewards
-job enrichment

Question 12

factors affecting labour turnover

Answer 12

-seasonal/temporary
-competitors
-working conditions
-pay
-economic conditions

Question 13

why is labour productivity important

Answer 13

-significant part of TC
-linked to profitability
-affects unit cost (competitive?)

Question 14

link between labour productivity and costs

Answer 14

high productivity
lower costs

Question 15

improving labour productivity

Answer 15

-training
-motivation
-capital equipment
-streamline production

Question 16

problems with labour productivity

Answer 16

-reluctant to change
-trade off quality
-employees may demand higher pay
-workload demotivating

Question 17

delegation

Answer 17

give others authority to do tasks

Question 18

benefits of delegation

Answer 18

-on job training
-empowerment
-lowers manager stress

Question 19

drawbacks of delegation

Answer 19

-responsibility not delegated
-increase employee stress
-subordinate quality/experience

Question 20

centralisation

Answer 20

decisions made at the top of hierarchy

Question 21

decentralisation

Answer 21

decision making spread out

Question 22

role of trade unions

Answer 22

-protect income
-job security
-lobby for working conditions
-legal advice
- against unfair dissmisal

Question 23

trade union employer advantages

Answer 23

-negotiating saves time/money
-communication process
-support big change
-employee morale

Question 24

centralisation benefits

Answer 24

-coordination
-eos
-quicker decisions
-easier policy implemet

Question 25

centralisation drawbacks

Answer 25

-bureaucratic
-demotivated
-junior closer to customer needs unutilised

Question 26

decentralisation benefits

Answer 26

-customer service
-empower
-on job training
-responsive decisions

Question 27

decentralisation negatives

Answer 27

• dis eos
  -less financial control
  -less consistency

Question 28

Motivational theorists

Answer 28

-Taylor
-Maslow
-Herzberg

Question 29

Taylor

Answer 29

-financial motivation
-work study, identify, train reward
-target based piece rate pay

Question 30

what leadership style does Taylor suit?

Answer 30

autocratic
(close supervision)

Question 31

Herzberg 2 factors

Answer 31

Hygiene-demotivate if not present
Motivators- directly motivate

Question 32

financial motivators

Answer 32

-wages/salaries
-bonuses
-commission
-profit share
-share options
-fringe benefit

Question 33

non financial motivators

Answer 33

-delegation
-empowerment
-flexibility
-job rotation
-job enrich
-job enlarge

Question 34

works council

Answer 34

required for +2 EU countries with +1000 employees

Question 35

employee rep

Answer 35

-makes sure employees views are known
-helps manage relations

Question 36

benefits of employee rep

Answer 36

-empower/motivate
-efficient decision making
-less industrial disputes
-focus on obj.s

Question 37

negatives of employee rep

Answer 37

-time consuming
-conflicts
-manager authority undermined