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Chapter 2 radiation safety: protection equipment , and QA > H.Quality assurance procedures > Flashcards

H.Quality assurance procedures Flashcards

1
Q

______systems provides safety for patient, staff, and machine

A

Interiock

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2
Q

_______interlock : Radiation beam is unable to turn on when the door to the treatment room is open

A

door interlock

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2
Q

___ are either turned off or not able to turn on when conditions are Unsafe

A

machines

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2
Q

_______interlocks: Stops motion of the gantry when the head of the gantry or imaging systems are too close to the patient or devices

A

collisions interlocks

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3
Q

Interlock systems have a “functional” tolerance . This means they

A

work or do not work

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4
Q

Patient devices like blocks, wedges, cones, and compensators are programmed with a code » An interlock will show if the device code does not match the

A

code planned for that specific patient

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5
Q

How often is door interlock checked

A

daily

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6
Q

How often is MV, KV, and CBCT (EPID) Collision interlock checked

A

daily

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6
Q

How often is laser guard interlock checked

A

monthly

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7
Q

How often is Electron Applicator interlock checked

A

Annually

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8
Q

A light turns on when the linear accelerator is on or if a radiation source is

A

exposed

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8
Q

______ are switches that terminate the radiation beam and shut down the machine

A

emergency switches

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9
Q

emergency switches are checked

A

monthly

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10
Q

Laser alignment is a daily check because it can affect

A

geometric parameters

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11
Q

IMRT laser tolerance

A

1.5mm

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11
Q

SRS/ SBRT laser tolerance

A

1 mm

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12
Q

_______ is circulated throughout the linear accelerator to cool internal parts such as the accelerator waveguide, source of microwave power, x-ray target, and bending magnets

A

cooling water

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13
Q

The temperature of the waveguide should be constant at

A

40 ± 5 degree C

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14
Q

Compressed air is used to move the target, control the energy switch, and control the locking system on the carrousel
» A common pressure used is

A

45-50 psi

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15
Q

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is a pressurized gas used to prevent arcing within the waveguide » _____ psi is required

A

25 to 32 PSI

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16
Q

Electrical and mechanical hazards can occur if the software within the

A

machine fails

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17
Q

According to the FDA, a ____ hazard can cause death or serious injury

A

class 1

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18
Q

A ____ injury is a hazard that has little risk of causing serious injury

A

Class II

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19
Q

Examples of _____ include: radiation overdose or underdose due to a faulty machine, dose outside the radiation field, patient/machine collision, and incorrect beam energy

A

hazards

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20
Q

_____ systems have their own coordinate systems, but they are calibrated to match treatment coordinate systems

A

imaging

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21
Q

Imaging » Tolerance for non-SRS/SBRT =

A

2mm

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22
Q

Imaging » Tolerance for SRS/SBRT =

A

1mm

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23
Q

Audio and visual systems are safety checks that are checked

A

daily

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24
Q

At least one audio channel and one video channel must be

A

functioning to treat

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25
Q

what does functional test mean

A

Works or does not work

26
Q

Safety lights are a ___ test

A

functional

27
Q

Image quality is important in defining target volumes as well as other organs at risk for treatment planning purposes. Image quality and performance is tested using a

A

water phantom provided by the manufacturer of the CT sim machhine

28
Q

Image noise on CT machine should be checke

A

daily

29
Q

CT numbers (Hounsfield units) are checked

A

daily and monthly

30
Q

In all x-ray tubes, warming up the anode is an important step to prolong the

A

tube life

31
Q

For CT scanners Tube warmup should be performed each morning and before a scan if the machine hasn’t been used for

A

2 hours

32
Q

Beam output can be measured by devices that have

A

multiple ion chambers or diodes

33
Q

Checks beam output on the central

A

axis and off axis

34
Q

Linear accelerator output is checked

A

daily, monthly, and annually for each beam energy

35
Q

Monthly and annual output tolerance is ± 2 percent for

A

electron and photon therapy

36
Q

___________ can have an effect on the ion chambers if they are not sealed because it will affect the density of the air within the chambers

A

Atmospheric temperature and pressure

37
Q

Pressure and exposure reading have a

A

direct relationship

38
Q

As pressure is increased, the output reading is

A

increased

38
Q

As pressure is decreased, the output reading is

A

decreased

39
Q

Temperature and exposure reading have an

A

indirect relationship

40
Q

As temperature is decreased, the output reading is

A

increased

41
Q

As temperature is increased, the output reading is

A

decreased

42
Q

A ____ factor must be used for temperature and pressure when calculating and measuring dose output if the ion chambers are not sealed and temperature and pressure vary from specific conditions

A

correction

43
Q

The light field represents the _____. so the The light field should be identical to it.

A

radiation field

43
Q

A light field Mechanical check with a tolerance of

A

2 mm or 1% on a side symmetric fields

44
Q

To verify the calibration of leaf positions, use the _______ test

A

picket fence test

45
Q

Field size tolerance is

A

2mm

45
Q

The field size indicated on the console must match what is ________. This can be tested by measuring the field on the table with a ruler at isocenter (100 SAD) Test for field sizes ranging from 0 x 0 cm to 40 x 40 cm

A

projected on the patient

46
Q

Multileaf collimator performance is verified with

A

radiographic imaging

47
Q

Leaf position has a ____ tolerance

A

1 mm

47
Q

According to the Task Group 142 Report, picket fence test should be performed weekly on machines that perform ____

A

IMRT

48
Q

Non-IMRT machines are also checked monthly, but have a ____ tolerance for leafs

A

2mm

49
Q

______ lasers are checked daily

A

alignment

50
Q

Lasers must point at and intersect at the

A

isocenter

51
Q

Side wall lasers must be

A

collinear

52
Q

Laser Tolerance ± ____ for non-IMRT machines

A

2mm

53
Q

The _______ Test can be used to verify laser accuracy

A

Winston-Lutz

54
Q

Winston-Lutz is more common for machines than perfrom

A

SRS

55
Q

Winston-Lutz test has ___ tolerance

A

2mm

56
Q

To properly check that the gantry rotation for a patient’s treatment is safe, a test run (dry run) of the gantry movement should be performed prior to treatment to make sure there are

A

no collisions with the patient, table, or any other devices

57
Q

Tolerance for gantry and collimator angle is

A

1 degree

58
Q

There are limit switches for the gantry to avoid over rotation of the gantry. The gantry cannot rotate

A

infinitely

59
Q

Mechanical tolerances for linear measurements are typically ±___

A

2mm

60
Q

Tolerances for angles are typically

A

1 degree

61
Q

Dosimetric monthly checks for output have tolerances of

A

2%

62
Q

____checks are “functional” and either work or don’t

A

safety

63
Q

____measurements should be permanently recorded and evaluated frequently

A

QA

64
Q

Departmental guidelines should outline the proper steps to take when test results are out of _____

A

tolerance

Chapter 2 radiation safety: protection equipment , and QA (6 decks)

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