HPS121-T2-Ch18-Indigenous and Cross Cultural Psychology Flashcards
Acculturation:
the process of adapting to a new culture.
Cultural competence:
the ability to understand people’s behaviour and thinking in their own cultural terms, based on the ability to recognise one’s own cultures and biases, and to work with people from other cultures without the intrusion of these cultural aspects.
Cultural psychology (cross-cultural psychology):
A subfield of psychology that explores how culture is transmitted to its members and examines psychological similarities and differences that occur between people from diverse cultures.
Emic:
a cross-cultural perspective that focuses on specific psychological aspects of culture.
Enculturation:
the implicit or tacit learning of cultural beliefs, values and traditions.
Etic:
a cross-cultural perspective concerned with commonalities and differences across cultures.
Indigenous people:
an umbrella term that has been used to refer to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people of Australia.
Indigenous psychology:
whereas cross-cultural psychology is about contrasts between people of different cultures, Indigenous psychology is about understanding culture from within. It is not about comparison, but about understanding culture in its own terms.
Multiculturalism:
a policy that recognises where a country has many ethnic groups and recognises, accepts and embraces these cultural differences; policy is based on the assumption that ethnic groups are different but should be treated equally.
Noble savage:
the term arose in the 18th century and refers to the assumption that people are basically good, especially when they have not been affected by the Western cultures; a romantic idea that native people were ‘natives’ or ‘savages’ that were by nature honourable and good.
Reliability:
in psychological testing, the consistency with which a measure assesses a given characteristic or different observers agree on a given score. Diagnostic reliability refers to agreement among clinicians making diagnostic judgements.
Social and emotional well-being:
the term introduced in place of ‘mental well-being’ in some Indigenous documents to remove any connotations and to acknowledge both mental health and the social contribution to how Indigenous people feel.
Universalism:
the assumption that characteristics of culture and people occur across the world; that we are all human and share many common characteristics.
Validity:
the extent to which a test actually measures what it is supposed to measure; the degree to which a diagnostic system’s categories contain the core features of the behaviour disorders and permit differentiation among the disorders.
Yarning:
the process through which Indigenous people are able to talk freely about their experiences, letting researchers explore a topic in depth and find information that may not emerge in more formal environments.
