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BDS 2: ICP Radiology > How to take Radiographs > Flashcards

How to take Radiographs Flashcards

1
Q

Define Radiograph

A

A record of an image produced by transmission of x-rays through an object

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2
Q

Define Radiology

A

This the interpretation of a radiographic image.

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3
Q

Define Radiography

A

These are techniques involved in producing various radiographic images.

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4
Q

When were X-rays first used under clinical conditions?

A

1896

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5
Q

What is diagnostic information depend on? (4)

A
  • Patient Preparation (piercings)
  • Patient Positioning
  • Radiation exposure (different teeth have different thickness)
  • Image Processing
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6
Q

What are the 2 types of Radiograph?

A
  • Single Plane

- Multiplanar

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7
Q

how to take a radiograph

CLEAN UP

A

Tooth and sensor should be as close together
as possible
 The long axis of the tooth and sensor/film should be parallel to one another
 The x-ray beam should be positioned so it meets the tooth and sensor/film at 900
 The position should be reproducible

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8
Q

What is the most frequently taken intra-oral radiograph?

A

Periapical Radiography

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9
Q

Why do u need 2-3 mm bone all around the apex of a tooth?:

A

To see extent of legion that is affected

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10
Q

What are the two periapical radiography techniques?

Which one is preferred?

A
  • Paralleling technique (Preferred)

- Bisecting angle technique

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11
Q

When does overlapping of a radiographic image occur?

A

NON PARALELL?

  • Horizontal plane error
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12
Q

When does elongation of a radiographic image occur?

A

Vertical plane error

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13
Q

When does foreshortening of a radiographic image occur?

A

Vertical plane error

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14
Q

When would you use the Bisecting angle technique?

A

RECORDING

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15
Q

What indications would suggest taking a periapical radiograph? (4)

A

 Detection of apical infection/inflammation
 • Assessment of the periodontal status
 • After trauma to the teeth and associated alveolar bone
 • Assessment of the presence and position of unerupted teeth

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16
Q

What are the two types of occlusal radiography?

A
  • Maxillary

- Mandibular

17
Q

What indications would suggest taking a maxillary occlusal radiograph? (4)

A

 Periapical assessment of teeth (if cannot tolerate IOPA)
 Detecting presence of pathology (#, cysts)
 Parallax for unerupted teeth
 Fractures of teeth/alveolar bone
 Assessment of antrum/roots displaced

18
Q

What are the two subtypes of maxillary occlusal radiographs?

A
  • Upper standard occlusal (60-70 ̊)

- Upper oblique occlusal

19
Q

Why is it important to give a patient a thyroid collar?

A

To protect the thyroid tissue

20
Q

What indications would suggest taking a occlusal mandibular radiograph? (4)

A

 Presence of radiopaque calculi in submandibular salivary ducts
 Buccolingual position on teeth/pathology
 Expansion caused by tumours/cysts
 Assess mandible width prior to implant placement

21
Q

What indications would suggest taking a occlusal mandibular radiograph? (4)

A

 Presence of radiopaque calculi in submandibular salivary ducts
 Buccolingual position on teeth/pathology
 Expansion caused by tumours/cysts
 Assess mandible width prior to implant placement

22
Q

What are the advantages of a panoramic radiography? (3)

A
  • All the teeth and supporting structures can be shown in one image.
  • Its very simple to carry out.
  • Patients are able to tolerate this more than a periapical.
23
Q

What are the disadvantages of a panoramic radiography? (5)

A
  • Image Quality
  • Operator dependant/ patient dependent
  • Ghost images and superimposition
  • Dose
  • Magnification
24
Q

What indications would suggest taking a panoramic radiograph?

A

 3rd molar assessment prior to extraction
 Orthodontics
 Mandibular fractures
 TMJ problems (changes in occlusion/trauma/change in range of motion)
 Multiple extractions
 Bony lesions/unerupted tooth which cannot
be fully visualised on intraoral images
 In the case of a grossly neglected mouth.

25
Q

What is the focal trough?

A

A three-dimensional area within which structures are reasonably well defined on the final image.

(Horse-shoe shape)

26
Q

What do cephalometric radiographs use?

A

Radiograph is taken using a cephalostat

BDS 2: ICP Radiology (3 decks)

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