how nerves work 1

Question 1

how is the nervous system subdivided?

Answer 1

cns= brain( skull) + spinal cord( nerves which run down spine)
peripheral nervous system ( all nerves which connects CNS to the rest of the body)

Autonomic=involuntary
somatic= voluntary
enteric=surrounds the gut.

Question 2

what is in the brain?

Answer 2

meninges= membranes which surround the ligaments around the brain. contain cerebrospinal spinal fluid.

cerebellum
cerebrum: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital lobe.

gyrus (upper surface) and sulcus(folds)

brain stem = pons, medulla oblongata and midbrain. control body temp, breathing

diencephalon= thalamus( last point of sensory reception) and hypothalamus( interconnects neurone and hormonal activity)

corpus callosum=connects cerebellum and cerebrum.

Question 3

division of spinal cord

Answer 3

31 spinal + 12 cranial nerves
12 cervical-neck,shoulders
12 thoracic-chest,abdomen
5 lumbar-legs and high
5 sacral-genitalia
1 coccygeal

Question 4

how do sensory neurones travels

Answer 4

through the dorsal root ganglion. into the dorsal root. into the dorsal horn.

Question 5

how do motor neurones travels?

Answer 5

through the ventral root

Question 6

what is white matter?

Answer 6

axon Bodie. white due to myelin sheath

Question 7

what is grey matter?

Answer 7

cell bodies

Question 8

what are neurones made up of?

Answer 8

cell body or soma which contains nucleus-produces proteins.

dendrites-carry info in
axon- carry info out

Question 9

axon structure?

Answer 9

initial segment or hillock- lots of sodium-potassium pumps. where action potential is fired from.
axon
axon terminal- releases neurotransmitter into synapse which will then bond onto post-synaptic cell

Question 10

glia

Answer 10

control the internal environment of the CNS to allow optimal function for neurones.
there are more glia but smaller and do not fire impulses.

Question 11

astrocytes

Answer 11

star shape.
surround blood vessels and form blood brain barrier.
control the internal content of cloud vessels- iron content changes.

Question 12

oligodendrites

Answer 12

form myelin sheath in CNS

Question 13

ependymal cells

Answer 13

produce cerebral spinal fluid

Question 14

microglia

Answer 14

involved in the immune system.

Question 15

another word for motor neurone

Answer 15

efferent

Question 16

another word for sensory neurone

Answer 16

afferent