How Muscles Function

Question 1

The essence of muscle function is that muscles create?

Answer 1

Pulling forces

Question 2

When a muscle contract, it attempts to pull in toward where? What is the result?

Answer 2

Its center
pulling force being placed on its attachments

Question 3

What does the word contract means?

Answer 3

“To shorten”

Question 4

When a muscle contracts, what does it attempts to do?

Answer 4

Shorten

Question 5

For a muscle to shorten, what must move?

Answer 5

One or both of its attachments

Question 6

What is a shortening contraction of a muscle called?

Answer 6

Concentric Contraction

Question 7

When a concentric contraction occurs, where does the muscle moves toward?

Answer 7

Its center

Question 8

Where do muscles cross?

Answer 8

A joint

Question 9

A muscle attaches to how many bones?

Answer 9

2 bones

Question 10

What is the working muscle called?

Answer 10

Prime mover or Agonist

Question 11

Prime mover or Agonist is the?

Answer 11

Working muscle

Question 12

What is the relaxing muscle called?

Answer 12

Antagonist

Question 13

The prime mover is helped by other muscles called?
These contract at the same time as the prime mover

Answer 13

Synergists

Question 14

Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixators
These muscles cause the movement to occur. T
They create the normal range of movement in a joint by contracting.
“Prime movers”

Answer 14

Agonist

Question 15

Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixators?
These muscles act in opposition to the movement generated by the agonist and are responsible for returning a limb to its initial position

Answer 15

Antagonist

Question 16

Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixators?
These muscles perform, or assist in performing the same set of joint motion as the agonists.
Referred to as “Neutralizers” because they help cancel out extra motion from the agonists

Answer 16

Synergists

Question 17

Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixators?
Theses muscles provide necessary support to assist in holding the rest of the body in place while the movement occurs.
“Stabilizers”

Answer 17

Fixators

Question 18

What are the 4 types of contraction?

Answer 18

1. Isometric
2. Isotonic
3. Concentric
4. Eccentric

Question 19

Which type of contraction in which NO movement takes place because the load on the muscle exceeds the tension generated by the contracting muscle?
This occurs when a muscle attempts to push or pull an immovable object

Answer 19

Isometric Contraction

Question 20

Which type of contraction in which movement DOES take place, because the tension generated by the contracting muscle exceeds the load on the muscle.
This occurs when you use your muscles to successfully push or pull an object.
Further divided into two types

Answer 20

Isotonic Contraction

Question 21

Which type of contraction in which the muscle DECREASES in length (shortens) against an opposing load, such as lifting a weight up?

Answer 21

Concentric Contraction

Question 22

Which type of contraction in which the muscles INCREASES (lengthens) as it resist a load, such as lowering weight down in a slow, controlled fashion.

Answer 22

Eccentric Contraction

Question 23

During a concentric contraction, the muscles that are (shortening or lengthening) serve as the agonists and hence do all the work?

Answer 23

Shortening

Question 24

During an eccentric contraction, the muscles that are (shortening or lengthening) serve as the agonists?

Answer 24

Lengthening

Question 25

Do muscles work alone or in pairs?

Answer 25

In pairs

Question 26

What terms often used to describe the concept of standard and reverse actions of a muscle?

Answer 26

Open chain and closed chain ``

Question 27

When a mover muscle contracts and SHORTENS, it contracts concentrically or eccentrically?

Answer 27

Concentrically

Question 28

When a mover muscle contracts and LENGTHENS, it contracts concentrically or eccentrically?

Answer 28

Eccentrically

Question 29

If the muscle stays the same length, its attachments do not move is called?

Answer 29

Stabilization muscle

Question 30

What is the actual mechanism that defines muscle contraction called?

Answer 30

Sliding Filament Mechanism