How Muscles Function Flashcards
The essence of muscle function is that muscles create?
Pulling forces
When a muscle contract, it attempts to pull in toward where? What is the result?
Its center
pulling force being placed on its attachments
What does the word contract means?
“To shorten”
When a muscle contracts, what does it attempts to do?
Shorten
For a muscle to shorten, what must move?
One or both of its attachments
What is a shortening contraction of a muscle called?
Concentric Contraction
When a concentric contraction occurs, where does the muscle moves toward?
Its center
Where do muscles cross?
A joint
A muscle attaches to how many bones?
2 bones
What is the working muscle called?
Prime mover or Agonist
Prime mover or Agonist is the?
Working muscle
What is the relaxing muscle called?
Antagonist
The prime mover is helped by other muscles called?
These contract at the same time as the prime mover
Synergists
Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixators
These muscles cause the movement to occur. T
They create the normal range of movement in a joint by contracting.
“Prime movers”
Agonist
Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixators?
These muscles act in opposition to the movement generated by the agonist and are responsible for returning a limb to its initial position
Antagonist
Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixators?
These muscles perform, or assist in performing the same set of joint motion as the agonists.
Referred to as “Neutralizers” because they help cancel out extra motion from the agonists
Synergists
Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist or Fixators?
Theses muscles provide necessary support to assist in holding the rest of the body in place while the movement occurs.
“Stabilizers”
Fixators
What are the 4 types of contraction?
- Isometric
- Isotonic
- Concentric
- Eccentric
Which type of contraction in which NO movement takes place because the load on the muscle exceeds the tension generated by the contracting muscle?
This occurs when a muscle attempts to push or pull an immovable object
Isometric Contraction
Which type of contraction in which movement DOES take place, because the tension generated by the contracting muscle exceeds the load on the muscle.
This occurs when you use your muscles to successfully push or pull an object.
Further divided into two types
Isotonic Contraction
Which type of contraction in which the muscle DECREASES in length (shortens) against an opposing load, such as lifting a weight up?
Concentric Contraction
Which type of contraction in which the muscles INCREASES (lengthens) as it resist a load, such as lowering weight down in a slow, controlled fashion.
Eccentric Contraction
During a concentric contraction, the muscles that are (shortening or lengthening) serve as the agonists and hence do all the work?
Shortening
During an eccentric contraction, the muscles that are (shortening or lengthening) serve as the agonists?
Lengthening
Do muscles work alone or in pairs?
In pairs
What terms often used to describe the concept of standard and reverse actions of a muscle?
Open chain and closed chain ``
When a mover muscle contracts and SHORTENS, it contracts concentrically or eccentrically?
Concentrically
When a mover muscle contracts and LENGTHENS, it contracts concentrically or eccentrically?
Eccentrically
If the muscle stays the same length, its attachments do not move is called?
Stabilization muscle
What is the actual mechanism that defines muscle contraction called?
Sliding Filament Mechanism
