Basic Kinesiology Terms Flashcards
What is the standard reference position that is used to define terms that describe the physical location of the structures of the body and points on the body?
Anatomical Position
What term means to the front?
Anterior
What term means to the back?
Posterior
What is closer to an imaginary midline?
Medial
What is farther from the midline?
Lateral
What means above? (towards the head)
Superior
What means below? (away from the head?)
Inferior
What means closer to the axial body?
Proximal
What means farther from the axial body?
Distal
What means closer to the surface of the body?
Superficial
What means farther from the surface of the body?
Deep
What terms can be used for the forearm?
Radial and Ulnar
What terms can be used for the leg and sometimes in the foot?
Tibial and Fibular
What terms can be used for the hand? in place of anterior and posterior
Palmar and Dorsal
What means towards the head?
Cranial
What means towards the tail of the body?
Caudal
What are terms that describe location?
Combining terms of location
What are the 3 planes?
Frontal, Sagittal, Transverse
What plane divides the body into left and right?
Sagittal
What plane divides the body into front and back?
Frontal
What plane divides the body into top and bottom?
Transverse
What is a plane that is not perfectly sagittal, frontal or transverse?
Oblique
What is an imaginary line around which a body part moves?
Axis / Axes
IF the body part moves in a straight line, what is it described as?
Nonaxial motion
What is the corresponding axis of sagittal plane?
Oriented side to side
What is the corresponding axis of frontal plane?
Front to back
What is the corresponding axis of transverse plane?
Up and down
What do movement terms describe? and what do they not describe?
Describes a direction of motion,
Does not describe a static location
What is the anterior movement of body part within sagittal plane?
Flexion
What is the posterior movement of body part within sagittal plane?
Extension
What is the lateral movement away from the midline?
Abduction
What is the lateral movement toward the midline?
Adduction
What is a side bending movement toward the right within the frontal plane?
Right lateral flexion
What is a side bending movement toward the left within the frontal plane?
Left lateral flexion
What is a movement within the transverse plane in which the anterior surface of the body part moves to face more laterally? (away from midline)
Lateral rotation
What is a movement that moves to the anterior surface to face more medially?
Medial rotation
What is a movement within the transverse plane in which the anterior surface of the body part moves to face more to the right?
Right rotation
What moves the anterior surface to face more to the left?
Left rotation
What is a movement wherein the body part moves superiorly?
Elevation
What occurs when the body part moves inferiorly?
Depression
What is a movement where in the body part moves anteriorly?
Protraction
What is a posterior movement of the body part?
Retraction
What is a linear movement that occurs in the lateral direction?
Right / Lateral Deviation
What terms can be applied to motion of the forearm at the radioulnar joins and motion of the foot at the subtalar joint?
Pronation and Supination
What happens when the foot inverts at the subtalar joint when it turns its plantar surface toward the midline of the body?
Inversion
What happens when the foots plantar surface is turned outward away from the midline?
Eversion
What is the term when the foot moves superiorly?
in the direction of its dorsal surface
Dorsiflexion
What is the term when it moves inferiorly?
in the direction of its plantar surface
Plantarflexion
What is a composite of abduction, flexion and medial rotation of the thumb?
Opposition
What is a composite of adduction, extension and lateral rotation of the thumb?
Reposition
What is the rotation where the scapula upwardly rotates when its glenoid fossa is moved to face more superiorly?
Upward rotation
What is movement of the arm or thigh in which it begins in a horizontal position and then moves anteriorly toward the midline of the body?
Horizontal Flexion
What is often used to describe extension beyond anatomic position?
Hyperextension
What is a sequence of four actions performed one after the other? NOT AN ACTION
Circumduction
