How efftively COE evolve in conditions of conflict and dissent? Flashcards
Lauds policies + religious uniformity
Charles I forbids public discussion of religious doctrines
Appoints Arminian clergy to key roles e.g. royal chaplain, Laud as bishop of England in 1628, 1633 laud appointed as archbishop of Canterbury in 1633= impose beliefs across England
Laud Reforms of COE
> Organs were installed - shocked puritans saw it distraction
> fonts decorated
> statues + colour
> Removal of the communion table from CENTRE to EAST SIDE with rich embroidered covering = puritans fuming
How were reforms enforced by laud?
> Reforms were enforced + series of punishment for non-compliance = attempt at scot 1638 book of prayer. Trail of Burton, Bastwick, Prynee they were critical of lauds reforms
branded on the cheeks, ears chopped = they had a gentry background = star chamber
Parliament’s RE-ORDER of the church 1640-1660
December 1640 - Root and Branch Petition - wanting an end to episcopacy = Failed
Long parliament was able to remove unfavourable bishops from state positions.
- Local parishes could revert back to older habits and get rid of unpopular Laudian changes,
- 1643 - Covenant signed with the scots - a promise to a presbyterian style church in England.
Removed arminian features in churched
Abolished Anglican Book of common prayer instead created directory of worship
1650 = TOLERATION ACT PASSED = END OF CONFESSIONAL STATE.
- Rump passed the blasphemy act which led to radical religious ideas having severly harsh punishments.
- Cromwell allowed individual ministers to decide on how to worship, but had some control over them from the Commissions of Triers and Ejectors.
- Non-conformists were all allowed to worship in relative peace - Cromwell was against persecution.
Did Laud fail to establish uniformity?
Overall failure= scot= scot convent = bishops war = treaty of Berwick (1639) = scot abolished prayer book.
Due to failure in Scot = Undermined the laws= rapid removal of laws after 1640
Laud alienate large sections on the population
Ending of church of England and confessional state 1643-60? Challenge to COE?
MOST sig challenge came across with chaos of civil war and re ordering the church as a result.
Anglican doctrines + practices abolished, set aside
CO bans the use of the book of common prayer due to royalists association of those maintaining loyalties.
HOWEVER, does COE survive?
Cromwell attempts at religious reforms denied toleration to Anglicanism, but they were able to worship discreetly.
Former Anglican clergy continued in office during the republican.
Restoration of Anglicanism 1660-2?
convention Parliament re-established the church of England + Bishops
Church enforced stricter uniformity e.g. clarendon code
Act of uniformity 1662
Archbishop Sheldon caused = 1,8000 minister to be unable to non-conformist/ dissenters
Bishops swear an oath to the laudian Church
Accept every element of the prayer book
Anglican overcame challenges succesfully?
Successfully re asserted Anglican dominance after 1660
> Clarendon code = designed to restrict non-conformist
> Corporation act sig after restoration as it required all involved in local gov to be communicant member of COE
> ACT OF UNIFORMITY 1662 made the common prayer book compulsory in all churches
—Test act 1673
OVERALL failure to establish uniformity in belief?
Greater failure than laud to establish unifrmoity after 1660
Clarendon code increased dissents and worship outside of COE due to ejecting moderates
Alienates many moderates - who refuses to swear an oath = 1,800 ministers
declaration of indulgence = religious toleration = showed society that dissenters are normal ppl = led them to build their organisations
