how does the body produce energy? Flashcards
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
a high energy molecule stored in muscle cells and other parts of the body.
adenosine diphosphate
the byproduct that results when ATP breaks down and loses one of its phosphate groups located at the end of the molecule.
interplay
all three energy systems working together to provide energy.
phosphocreatine
chemical compound found in muscle cells that is capable of storing and releasing energy that can be used to resynthesise ATP from ADP and Pi.
carbohydrates
naturally occurring compounds that consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.
glycaemic index (GI)
a ranking of carbohydrates on a scale from 0 - 100.
fats
an essential component of a balanced diet and should comprise about 20 25% of the daily food intake.
- saturated fats
- unsaturated fats (better for the body)
free fatty acids
the broken down transportable form of fats.
triglycerides
the stored form of fats found in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.
protein
essential component of a balanced diet that allows for muscle growth and repair, fights disease, helps chemical reactions and transports materials.
amino acids
the building blocks of protein which is produced by the breaking down through the process of digestion.
ATP-PC
the processes involved in the breakdown of stored phosphagens without oxygen being involved.
Anaerobic glycolysis
the metabolism of carbohydrates to lactic acid through a series of chemical steps that do not require oxygen.
Aerobic system
the complete metabolism of primarily carbohydrates and / or fats in the presence of oxygen.
ATP demand
how much ATP is required during an activity and the rate at which it is expended.
rate
how quickly ATP is resynthesised.
exercise duration determines rate of ATP
yield
the total amount of ATP that is resynthesised during an exercise bout.
