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CLASP > How does cancer act > Flashcards

How does cancer act Flashcards

1
Q

3 main types of malignancy

A

Epithelial
Mesenchymal
Heamatalogical
Also neuroectoderm - glial and melanocytes

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2
Q

What is epitheliim

A

Protective covering lines everywhere internal and external surfaces
On the skin squamous epithelium keratinized
Internal - non keratinized lines mouth oesophagus ear canal etc

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3
Q

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Lungs

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4
Q

Transitional epithelium

A

Bladder

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5
Q

epithelial malignancy known as

A

Carcinoma

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6
Q

Who is more likely to get carcinoma

A

Older people

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7
Q

If you have lesions in ur brain as an older person what is likely to be the cause

A

metastases from a carcinoma

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8
Q

How do carcinomas progress

A

Local growth
Spread via haematogenous and lymphatic routes
Local lymph node involvement
Different patterns of spread

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9
Q

Lymph nodes of Testicular cancer

A

Para aortic lymph nodes

Arise from embryological development

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10
Q

mesenchymal tumours

A

Soft tissue tumours

Tumours of everything - nerves, bone, cartilage, fibrous tissue, fat, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle

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11
Q

mesenchymal tumours are known as

A

Sarcomas

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12
Q

smooth muscle tumours

A

leiomyoma/ sarcoma

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13
Q

skeletal muscle tumours

A

rhabdomyoma / sarcoma

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14
Q

Fat tumours

A

lipoma / liposarcoma

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15
Q

Bone tumours

A

Osteoma/ osteosarcoma

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16
Q

Cartilage tumours

A

Chrondroma/ chondrosarcoma

17
Q

Blood vessel tumoyrs

A

haemangioma/ angiosarcome

18
Q

Nerves

A

neuroma / MPNST

19
Q

Morphology of sarcomas

A

Spindle cell lesions - very elongated tapered shape to cells

- solid

20
Q

In children

A

Sarcomas > adenocarcinomas

21
Q

Most common type of cancer in children

A

Bone, blood, brain

22
Q

Haematological malignancies

A

All cells involved
Myeloid
Lymphoid

23
Q

Do haematological cancers metastasise

A

No

24
Q

Lymphomas

A

Tumour like masses in the lymph nodes

Swelling + classical features of a tumour

25
Q

Leukamia

A

Circulating malignant cells in the blood and bone marrow

26
Q

Investigating haeatological cancer

A

FBC - crucial
High blood count - cells abnormal
May be low - marrow involvement

27
Q

What are B symotims

A

Not directly related to tumour can be symptoms such as weight loss ad night sweats

28
Q

name a neuroectodermal tumour

A

Melanoma

29
Q

What are brain tumours

A

Gliomas

30
Q

Do brain tumours metastasise

A

No due to blood brain barrier

CLASP (3 decks)

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