How Do Things Get Around The Body?

Question 0

The circulatory system consists of?

Answer 0

Pulmonary and systemic circulation

Question 1

What type of epithelium lines the capillaries and allows for quick diffusion of gases?

Answer 1

Simple squamous

Question 2

Freshly oxygenated blood is first received by the?

Answer 2

Left atrium

Question 3

The thickest layer of the heart wall is the?

Answer 3

Myocardium

Question 4

The right atrioventricular valve is more specifically called the?

Answer 4

Tricuspid valve

Question 5

The pulmonary semilunar valve prevent blood back flow from?

Answer 5

Pulmonary trunk in to right ventricle

Question 6

Blood drains from the upper body in to?

Answer 6

The superior vena cava

Question 7

The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle is called?

Answer 7

Bicuspid valve

Question 8

The valves in the aorta and pulmonary trunk prevent back flow in the?

Answer 8

Ventricles

Question 9

Some oxygen dissolves in plasma to be transported through the circulatory system, but most is bound to?

Answer 9

Haemaglobin

Question 10

Why is it not advised to take your pulse from your thumb?

Answer 10

The thumb generates its own pulse

Question 11

What does CO stand for?

Answer 11

Cardiac output

Question 12

What does SV stand for?

Answer 12

Stroke volume

Question 13

What is the cardiac output formula?

Answer 13

CO=HRxSV (Heart RatexStroke Volume)

Question 14

Which direction do arteries carry blood?

Answer 14

Away from the heart

Question 15

Which direction do veins carry blood?

Answer 15

To the heart

Question 16

Artery walls are thick or thin?

Answer 16

Thick

Question 17

Vein walls are thick or thin?

Answer 17

Thin

Question 18

Arteries are round or flat?

Answer 18

Round

Question 19

Veins are round or flat?

Answer 19

Flat

Question 20

Arteries carry de-oxygenated blood?

Answer 20

Yes, pulmonary arteries

Question 21

Veins carry de-oxygenated blood?

Answer 21

Yes, Systemic veins

Question 22

Arteries carry oxygenated blood?

Answer 22

Yes, systemic arteries

Question 23

Veins carry oxygenated blood?

Answer 23

Yes, pulmonary veins

Question 24

Which vein carries de-oxygenated blood from the upper part of the body?

Answer 24

Superior vena cava

Question 25

Which vein carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower part of the body?

Answer 25

Inferior vena cava

Question 26

Where does blood go after it leaves right atrium?

Answer 26

Through the right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid) in to the right ventricle

Question 27

Blood pumped in to the pulmonary trunk, which splits in to left and right pulmonary arteries is going where?

Answer 27

Lungs

Question 28

A red blood cell travelling within pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins and then ends up in one of four pulmonary veins, the red blood cell then travels to which chamber of the heart?

Answer 28

Left atrium

Question 29

The blood cell then travels in to which large chamber of the heart?

Answer 29

Left ventricle

Question 30

Through which vessel does this red blood cell leave the heart?

Answer 30

Aorta

Question 31

How does gaseous composition of blood change as it moves through pulmonary arteries, capillaries then veins?

Answer 31

The partial pressure of oxygen increases from 40-105mmHg Carbon dioxide has decreased from 45 to 40 mmHg
I.e as blood moves through pulmonary circulation it picks up more oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide

Question 32

There is a valve between the right atrium and right ventricle, name this valve

Answer 32

Tricuspid

Question 33

There are strong fibrous chords that attach to the flaps of the valve, what are these called?

Answer 33

Chordae tendinae

Question 34

At the ends of the chordae tendinae they are attached to muscles that project from the ventricular walls, name muscles and state function THIS MINUTE!

Answer 34

Papillary muscle, contract to produce tension on the chordae tendinae, and thus the valves. This means the valves get pulled shut and blood can’t flow back in to the atria when ventricle contracts

Question 35

The interior lining of the right ventricle contains visible ridges produced by muscle within the wall of the heart. What are these ridges and what do they do?

Answer 35

Trabeculae carnae, they increase turbulence and improve blood flow

Question 36

At the base of the pulmonary trunk (where it leaves the heart) there is a valve spanning it, what is the name of this valve?

Answer 36

Pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 37

What organ is the blood in the pulmonary veins returning from?

Answer 37

Lungs

Question 38

Identify the two orifices leading in to the left ventricle, the left atrioventricular orifice and the aortic orifice, find the valves spanning these two orifices and name them?

Answer 38

Bicuspid (left atrioventricular valve) and aortic semilunar valve

Question 39

The heart and blood vessels are components of the circulatory system, these system can be divided in to two parts?

Answer 39

Systemic and pulmonary

Question 40

What is the systemic parts function?

Answer 40

Supplies oxygen and nutrients to, and removes wastes and carbon dioxide from tissues of the body. Blood flows from the left ventricle to all tissues in the body and back to the right atrium

Question 41

What is the pulmonary parts function?

Answer 41

Supplies oxygen and nutrients to, and removes wastes and carbon dioxide from the lung tissue. Blood flows from right ventricle to lungs and back to left atrium

Question 42

The wall of the left ventricle is much thicker then the right ventricle. Why does this difference exist?

Answer 42

Pulmonary circulation is close to the heart so the right ventricle doesn’t have to push blood very far, whereas the left ventricle is responsible for supplying blood to all other tissues in the body. Therefore the left ventricle has to generate a lot more power in its contraction, it also works against a higher pressure.