how do they work Flashcards

1
Q

sympathetic neurotransmitters

& key transmitters

A
  • adrenaline
  • noradrenaline
  • catecholamines

key transmitters:

  • alpha 1 & alpha 2
  • beta 1, beta 2 & beta 3

these transmitters are activated by the neurotransmitters

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2
Q

parasympathetic neurotransmitters

& key transmitters

A
  • acetylcholine
  • cholinomimetics

Key transmitters:

  • nicotinic receptors
  • muscarinic receptors

both activated by the neurotransmitters

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3
Q

How the sympathetic transmitters work according to the tissue

A
  • alpha 1: constriction of vascular smooth muscle & contracts papillary muscle
    e. g can be used for resuscitation
  • alpha 2: inhibits transmitter release and insulin release
    e. g can be used for urinary incontinence
  • beta 1: stimulates the rate/force of the heart
    e. g can be used for heart failure
  • beta 2: resp & vascular relaxation, also uterine relaxation
    e. g can be used for asthma
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4
Q

important notes of sympathetic meds

A
  • the most commonly used are beta 1
  • Beta 1 will affect other receptors, including Beta 2, therefore side effects that can result from Beta 2 can also be seen in animals being treated with Beta 1
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5
Q

common side effects of sympathetic meds

A
  • tachycardia
  • bradycardia
  • AV block
  • resp effects
  • sedation
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6
Q

Acetylcholine esterases inhibitors (AchEIs)

A
  • three major classes: quaternary alcohols, carbamates & phosphoric acid esters
  • included in rodenticides and insecticides
  • TOXIC to animals, will cause CNS stimulation, excitation of skeletal muscle
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