How do coastal landscapes evolve over time as climate changes?

Question 1

What are eustatic changes?

Answer 1

The changes in volume of water in the global ocean store

Question 2

What in fluences Eustatic changes?

Answer 2

The variation in mean global temperatures

Question 3

What are isostatic changes?

Answer 3

This is the change in land level

Question 4

How can climate change cause sea level fall?

Answer 4

As temperatures fall more precipitation falls as snow

This snow eventually turns into ice and therefore decreases the amount of water stored in the global ocean store

Question 5

How can climate change cause sea levels to rise?

Answer 5

Increasing temperatures result in water melting from land stores such as ice

Therefore increasing the amount of water stored in the global ocean store

Question 6

When did the Wurum glacial period end?

Answer 6

25,000 yrs ago

Question 7

What were the conditions of the wurum glacial period?

Answer 7

about 9 degrees cooler

sea levels were 90m lower

Question 8

What are emergent landforms?

Answer 8

They form when sea levels decline as areas covered by the sea levels emerge

(cooler climates)

Question 9

What are submergent landforms?

Answer 9

These form when the sea levels rise and cover previously exposed land

(warming climates)

Question 10

how are Raised beaches formed?

Answer 10

Former shore platforms that have been left at a higher level due to falling sea levels

Question 11

How do marine terraces form?

Answer 11

Form where an expanse of gently sloping, formerly submergent land has been exposed by the uplift of land or falling sea levels

Question 12

How do abandoned cliffs form?

Answer 12

These are cliffs that were being eroded by marine processes but are no longer under marine erosion

Weathering continues to shape the landscape

Question 13

How do rias form?

Answer 13

They are submerged river valleys that form when sea levels rise

V shaped with the depth increasing near the centre

In plan view it is a winding shape reflecting the valleys original shape

Question 14

How do Fjords form?

Answer 14

Submerged glacial valleys being U shaped, uniformly deep along the fjord

Often more than 1000m

Infilling with sediment deposited by meltwater from retreating glaciers

During Flandrian transgression there was high marine erosion and some Fjords got deeper

Question 15

What is the Flandrian transgression ?

Answer 15

The period since the end of the last glacial period where there has been a rapid increase in sea levels and temperature

Question 16

How are shingle beaches formed?

Answer 16

As seas levels rise the ocean brings shingles, that have been deposited by rivers, onto the land