How DNA codes for polypeptides

Question 1

How is RNA different to DNA

Answer 1

Ribose sugar
Uracil
Single strand
Shorter
mRNA tRNA and rRNA

Question 2

Give examples of the importance of the shape of proteins

Answer 2

The active site of enzymes
Part of antibody molecule
Receptor on a cell membrane

Question 3

Why is genetic code near universal

Answer 3

Almost all living things use the same triplet cides to form proteins

Question 4

Why is the genetic code degenerate

Answer 4

For all amino acids (except stop) there is more than one code this reduces the effects of point mutations

Question 5

Why is the genetic code non overlapping

Answer 5

If a base is added or deleted or added then it causes a frame shift hence every amino acid is changed

Question 6

What are ribosomes made out of?

Answer 6

RibosomalRNA and protein in roughly equal amounts

Question 7

Transcription

Answer 7

Gene unzips and unwinds
Hydrogen bonds break
RNA polymerase catalyses formation of H bonds
The mRNA leaves the nucleus

Question 8

Translation

Answer 8

TRNA bring amino acids and anticodon binds temporarily
When two amino acids are adjacent a peptide bond is formed
ATP is required
mRNA breaks down after and is recycled
The protein folds

Question 9

How can you show the distribution of DNA in cells

Answer 9

Use methyl green and RNA takes up the pyronin make slides and stain them tk show DNA in the nucleus and RNA in the cutoplasm