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History EOY 2023 > How did the people in Singapore respond to British Rule after World War II? > Flashcards

How did the people in Singapore respond to British Rule after World War II? Flashcards

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1
Q

What country is an example of Democracy/Capitalism? ( Textbook)

A

USA

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2
Q

What country is an example of Communism?( Textbook)

A

Soviet Union

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3
Q

When there is Democracy, who would have control in the country? ( + examples) ( Textbook)

A
  • Free Elections
  • More than one competing political party
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4
Q

When there is Communism, who would have control in the country? ( Dictatorship) ( Textbook)

A
  • Only one-party ( rule)
  • Only the Communist Party was allowed
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5
Q

What is Dictatorship?

A

Form of government in which a person or a small group rules with almost unlimited power

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6
Q

What was some external developments after the British started its rule?

A
  • Increasing influence of communism
  • Colonial rule gets weaker
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7
Q

What was the name of the communist party?

A

Malayan Communist Party (MCP)

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8
Q

Who would the MCP influence?

A

Workers and students in trade unions ( + Chinese Medium Schools)

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9
Q

What else did the MCP attack?

A

Tin mines and rubber plantations

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10
Q

Why did colonial rule start weakening?

A

There was Anti- Colonial sentiments, which made the colonial rule to weaken

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11
Q

How did communism start in the Soviet Union?

A

People felt that those whom were governing them were unfair to them

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12
Q

Why did they feel that it was unfair to them?

A

They wanted a more equal society

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13
Q

The Communist Dictatorship of the Soviet Union restricted what?

A

Political Freedom.

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14
Q

Can you own your own business in a Democratic country? How about in a Communist country?

A

Yes, you can own your own business in a Democratic country. No, you cannot own your own business in a Communist country as the government would be in charge of your business and you would have no control

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15
Q

What do people put first in a Democratic country?

A

Myself before my community.

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16
Q

What do people put first in a Communist country?

A

My community before myself.

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17
Q

How did the British manage to win the support of the locals? (house)

A
  • There were many houses that were destroyed ( by war ) and a large increase in babies, thus, people were living in slums. / The British opening the Singapore Improvement Trust (SIT) to build more houses but it was not enough.
18
Q

How did the British manage to win the support of the locals? (food)

A
  • Due to the growing population, there was not enough food produced, and also trade was disrupted due to the war, as the rationing policy continued , more people became malnourished / The British made more affordable meals.
19
Q

How did the British manage to win the support of the locals? (Economy)

A
  • After the war, there were people who did not have jobs/ The British made it that they would have to pay less tax
  • The British also cleared sunken ships and sea mines at the harbour so that ships could enter the harbour and trade could occur
20
Q

When was the first election?

A

1948

21
Q

What were they going for in the 1948 elections?

A

Democracy

22
Q

What party took part in this election?

A

Singapore Progressive Party (SPP)

23
Q

If the SPP won 3 out of 6 elected seats, who won the other three?

A

Individual Candidates.

24
Q

What are Individual Candidates?

A

People who stands for election but does not belong in any political party.

25
Q

The Riots. When the riots before?

A

The riots were before 1955.

26
Q

What was the name of the riot? (MH)

A

Maria Hertogh.

27
Q

Whose care was Maria Hertogh under most of the time ?

A

She was under Che Aminah’s care.

28
Q

When she was raised under the care of Che Aminah, what was she raised as? ( but what was she born to / what religion and where were her parents from)

A

A Muslim. Her parents were Dutch and Catholic, which meant there was a clash or religions.

29
Q

What was Maria Hertogh renamed as under Che Aminah’s Care?

A

She was renamed as Nadra binte Ma ‘arof.

30
Q

What was the causes of the Maria Hertogh riots?

A
  • the newspaper had sensationalised stories of Maria’s life in the convent, which turned into a religious issue between Christianity and Islam.
31
Q

How did the people of different religion feel about the riots?

A

The Muslims felt offended as they felt as if they were not respected.

32
Q

What else did the British do that was not respectful to the Muslim community?

A

The judge had rejected Che Aminah’s appeal and they sided with the Dutch and did NOT care about the feelings of the Muslim community.

33
Q

What were some consequences of the riot? (Maria)

A

The supporters of the Muslim community would attack any Europeans or Eurasians in sight.

34
Q

What was the impact of the riot on the people? ( NS)

A
  • It caused the Anti-National Service riots to make Chinese Educated students more politically active and form various students groups.
35
Q

What is the name of the student groups that were formed?

A

Singapore Chinese Middle School Students’ Union ( SCMSSU)

36
Q

How did the National Service Ordinance get passed and when?

A

It got passed after the British government wanted the responsibility of defending Singapore to be shared evenly among the locals. It was passed in 1953.

37
Q

Who needed to sign up for National Service? By when did they need to register?

A

All males aged 18-20. By May 1954.

38
Q

What students were not willing to serve National Service?

A

Secondary school students from Chinese-Medium Schools as their age was old enough to register for NS.

39
Q

Why did the Secondary school students not want to register for NS?

A
  • They felt that it would disrupt their education again
  • They also did not want to defend the colonial government which has been ignoring the Chinese students’ interests before the war.
40
Q

What did the students do to show their unhappiness about NS?

A

500 students led a protest on 13 May 1954 and on 22 May, many students from Chung Cheng High School locked themselves in classrooms in protest, they even carried out a hunger strike.

41
Q

Why did the peaceful protest become violent?

A

The riot police had come to disperse the crowd.

42
Q

What did the British do in the end after the protests and riots?

A

They postponed the registration for NS.

History EOY 2023 (7 decks)

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