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History - Germany > How did the Nazis Change the Lives of Young People? > Flashcards

How did the Nazis Change the Lives of Young People? Flashcards

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1
Q

How had Hitler hoped to use the German school system?

A

To brainwash young Germans into loving him and the Nazi Party.

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2
Q

What did Hitler believe about young children who learned to idolise him?

A

That they would continue to admire him for the rest of their lives.

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3
Q

What happened to children to make them believe a particular set of ideas?

A

They were indoctrinated.

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4
Q

What were there very few opportunities for the students to do?

A

Think for themselves.

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5
Q

What were students mainly taught about in history?

A

Great German military victories and how badly Germany was treated at the end of the First World War.

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6
Q

What were students mainly taught about in geography?

A

They outlined areas in the world that Germany would soon conquer.

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7
Q

What were students mainly taught about in science?

A

Weapon-making and chemical warfare.

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8
Q

What were students asked about in maths?

A

They were asked to calculate how much money Germany would save if they got rid of all disabled people.

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9
Q

What happened to the amount of time given over to PE?

A

It trebled in the 1930s.

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10
Q

What new subject was made?

A

‘Eugenics’ - Race Studies.

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11
Q

What were students taught about in Eugenics?

A

Here, students were taught how to improve their race and about the Nazi belief in the inferiority of black people, eastern Europeans and in particular, Jews.

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12
Q

What could help explain why so many ordinary Germans failed to speak out against the way Nazis persecuted other races?

A

A whole generation of young people grew up believing that they were better than other races.

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13
Q

What happened to textbooks in school?

A

They were rewritten so that Nazi beliefs were taught as accepted facts.

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14
Q

What were teachers made to do in schools?

A

Put across Nazi ideas in lessons.

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15
Q

What did all teachers have to join and what happened if they refused to join?

A

The German Teachers League, and any who refused to teach the way that Nazis wanted were sacked.

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16
Q

What happened to students who were identified by their teachers as potential future Nazi leaders?

A

They were sent to special academies known as ‘Napolas’ (National Political Educational Institutions)

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17
Q

What did the Hitler Youth Organisations set up?

A

Schools, called ‘Adolf Hitler Schools’

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18
Q

What did individuals do at ‘Adolf Hitler Schools’?

A

They did intense training, including many academic examinations and tough physical exercise.

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19
Q

What did youngsters at ‘Adolf Hitler Schools’ graduate as?

A

‘Ideal Nazis’.

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20
Q

What % university lecturers or professors were replaced between what years?

A

Between 1933 and 1934, 15% of lecturers.

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21
Q

How much of the % of university lecturers or professors being replaced were for what reasons?

A

A third for racial reasons, a half for political reasons.

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22
Q

How many university lecturers or professors were dismissed by 1939?

A

Over 3000.

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23
Q

Which world-famous physicist left the country due to the Nazis?

A

Albert Einstein.

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24
Q

What did German universities have to change?

A

Their course, so that they reflected what the Nazis believed.

25
Q

Give an example of change in university courses:

A

Physics courses did not include Einstein’s Theory of Relativity because he was Jewish.

26
Q

What did all university students have to do?

A

Train as a soldier for a month each year.

27
Q

Who picked the top university professors?

A

The Nazis.

28
Q

Did the Nazis regard university education as important?

A

No.

29
Q

What happened to the number of Germans attending university during the Nazi era?

A

It reduced.

30
Q

When did Hitler give a speech outlining what the ideal teenager should be like?

A

1935

31
Q

What did Hitler want to train up?

A

A ‘new type’ of disciplined and healthy human beings, ‘young men and women who can suffer pain’.

32
Q

What is Hitler’s quote about his belief of the ideal teenager?

A

‘They must be as fast as a greyhound, as tough as leather and as hard as steel’.

33
Q

When did Hitler set up what organisation?

A

In 1922, Hitler set up the Hitler Youth Organisation.

34
Q

When did Hitler Youth clubs meet and to do what?

A

They met after school to talk about Nazi beliefs and ideas.

35
Q

What were boys taught in Hitler Youth clubs?

A

Military skills, as well as how important it was to be loyal to Hitler.

36
Q

What were girls taught in Hitler Youth clubs?

A

How to be good wives and mothers, as well as how important it was to be loyal to Hitler.

37
Q

When did Hitler ban all other youth groups?

A

When the Nazis came to power in 1933.

38
Q

Give 2 examples of youth groups that Hitler banned in 1933:

A

-The Cub Scouts
-Church youth clubs

39
Q

What happened as a result of Hitler banning other youth groups?

A

Lots more young people joined the Hitler Youth.

40
Q

What law was introduced in 1936?

A

A Law for the Incorporation of German Youth.

41
Q

What did the Law for the Incorporation of German Youth do?

A

It have the Hitler Youth ‘equal status’ to school and home.

42
Q

When were memberships of the Hitler Youth made compulsory?

A

1939.

43
Q

What did the Hitler Youth organisation control for children under 14?

A

All sports facilities and youth competitions.

44
Q

What did boys typically join from age 6 to 10?

A

‘Little Fellows’

45
Q

What did boys join after ‘Little Fellows’?

A

‘Young Folk’

46
Q

From what ages were boys a fully-fledged member of the ‘Hitler Youth’?

A

From 14 to 18 years old.

47
Q

What 4 things did boys learn to do at Hitler Youth meetings?

A

-How to march
-How to fight with knives
-How to fire a gun
-How to keep themselves fit

48
Q

What did the Nazis want to prepare boys for?

A

Their future role as soldiers.

49
Q

When did boys attend Hitler Youth meetings?

A

Several times a week after school, and they went to special weekend camps every month.

50
Q

Describe the order of clubs which girls in Nazi Germany had to join:

A

-‘Young Girls’ between 10 and 14
-‘League of German Girls’ from 14 to 17

51
Q

What 3 main things did German girls do in Nazi clubs?

A

-Keep fit
-Cook good meals
-Look after babies
All to prepare for motherhood.

52
Q

What 2 things did girls still do at Nazi clubs?

A

Go on tough marches and attend weekend camps.

53
Q

What were both boys and girls encouraged to do?

A

Report their parents or teachers if they criticised Hitler or told jokes about the Nazis.

54
Q

What were the difference in memberships like of the Hitler Youth clubs between 1933 and 1939?

A

In 1933 there were just under 2.3 million memberships, in 1939 there were just over 7.2 million memberships.

55
Q

How had the rate of memberships to Hitler Youth clubs changed with the rate of population of Germany aged 10-18?

A

The rate of membership increased much more rapidly compared the the population growth of people aged 10-18, showing how attractive the youth clubs were for many youngsters.

56
Q

Who were the Swing Youth?

A

A group of youngsters who refused to join the Hitler Youth, went to parties, listened to American Jazz music and had Jewish friends.

57
Q

Why had Nazis banned American Jazz?

A

Because of its black origins.

58
Q

Name 3 other youngster formed gangs:

A

-The ‘Roving Dudes’
-The ‘Edelweiss Pirates’
-The ‘Navajos’

59
Q

What did youngster formed anti-Hitler groups do?

A

They went camping and sung songs making fun of Hitler. They even physically attacked Hitler Youth groups.

History - Germany (21 decks)

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