How did Richard 1 and King John raise money?

Question 1

One way was through Aids

Answer 1

Aids were taxes that were payable in extreme circumstances.
Eg, they were levied on income in order to pay for King Richard’s ransom.
Eg 2, Demanded by John in 1207 for his new movable incomes tax to help recover land in France.

Question 2

One way was through selling positions - such as Sheriffs.

Answer 2

Both Kings sold many positions, such as Sheriffs, to raise money. An example to show this was, in 1189, Richard raised money for his crusade in a few months thanks to selling positions.
Eg 2, In 1194, to fund a war in France, Richard made people to pay again for the positions they had bought in 1189!

Question 3

Court cases

Answer 3

All fees for a writ starting a court case were paid to the King. Both kings raised money in this way.