How can political geography be informed by sovereignty or ideology Flashcards
What is the first stage of this essay for either option?
Need to ask how we understand political geogrpahy
What four areas does who argue that political geography has been focussed on?
Agnew 2015 Scale Territory Borders State
Although Agnew 2015 has argued that the historical focus of political geography has been on Scale Territory Borders and the State, what does he argue has changed?
Marx brought an interest in inequality whilst Foucualt and post structuralism brought in themes of violence, justice and power
What does Jones et al 2004 argue about political geography?
That it is an intersection of the conventional themes of political science and geographical themes such as space, place and territory
What else does Jones et al highlight?
That as Political geography becomes broader it becomes less well defined
Who defines sovereignty as abounded space under the control of a group of people
Elden 2009
What does Elden say about Territory?
Elden 2010 territory is space that has been measured and controlled
Which two people say that sovereignty is about the right to kill?
Foucault
Lefebvre 1992
Who critiques the view of Foucault as being too simplistic?
Oksala 2010
Which two people talk about the exception in relation to sovereignty?
Agamben and Schmitt
What does Store say about territory?
Space that has been acted upon
When does Store say that territory is space that has been acted upon?
2001
Why is territory relevant?
Because, as Elden argues, territory is the parameters of sovereignty; they are generally co-terminus concepts
What contemporary theme can sovereignty be seen as appealing to?
Post structuralism
What would the second paragraph be for sovereignty?
Scales
What are three examples of novel sovereignty scales?
Pollution, airspace, Great firewall
Who is the reference for the Great firewall
Creemers
How does the paragraph about scale link to the next paragraph, the paragraph on contingency?
Claims are no longer assuming pre-given sovereignty
What is contingent sovereignty?
A challenge to the post-Westphalian world order, the idea that states should not interfere in each other’s borders. It is the idea that if certain conditions are met, then it is ok to intervene even if you ahem not been directly challenged
What does Elden say about contingent sovereignty?
That it means that it is now sovereignty, rather than just borders that is being challenged
What are two examples for contingent soveirengty?
Kosovo and Iraq
What is territory a way for the state to make itself?
Make the state legibility
How can you integrate state legibility to anthropology?
The weakness of the state at the border
What is the final paragraph of the sovereignty essay?
A discussion of the location of sovereignty, something that makes it geographical
What are 6 possible locations for sovereignty?
The neoliberal body The camp The government The Ballot box The border Virtual sovereignty
What is the argument of Wendy Brown and when?
The wall is a manifestation of weaker sovereignty, rather than affirming it
How to critique brown 2010?
long term/short term critique
Even thought ideology is nebulous, what does Thompson argue and when?
1984, it always concerns some sort of power relation
What is a wide definition of ideology?
The material process of production of ideas, beliefs and values in social life
What is a better definition?
Ideas produced by, and legitimising certain social groups and classes
What is a definition to reject?
The idea that it is somehow false
How does ideology relate to political geography?
Fundamentally relates to space, place, highlighting that neither can be seen as anything other than socially constructed
What aspect of ideology is political geography interested in?
How ideology acts on space and those within it
What is the next paragraph?
Scale
How does ideology relate to the macro
Government and elections
Who talks about ideology and the micro?
Focuault
What argument do you reject about ideology and scale?
That ideology itself is a scale equivalent to the nation state, something that Marx argues as does Taylor 1982
Although ideology is a structuring force on spaces, what is important to stress?
That there is a mutualism in that construction and production
What does Marx ignore?
That ideology does not have to hegemonic, or that ideology is not just something that those in power have
How does Ideology work for Marx>
It is the dominant ideas in society that work to keep the ruling class in place, obscure power relations
What does Marx say about the ruling class?
That even they fall victim to the obscuring factors of ideology
Who talks about the privatisation of sovereignty?
Mbembe 2001
