How and How opressively was Russia governed before 1905

Question 1

Autocracy

Answer 1

Form of Government in which one person possesses unlimited power.

Question 2

features of autocracy

Answer 2

• Russia did not have a constitution setting out what the tsar could and could not do
• no parliament, laws in Tsarist russia weee made by the tsar issuing decrees
• no legal safe guards protecting the rights of individuals
• russia was governed on a day to day basis by ministers who were appointed by and accountable to the tsar

Question 3

council of states

Answer 3

offered advice on new laws

Question 4

imperial chancellery

Answer 4

tsar’s personal staff

Question 5

central government departments

Answer 5

11 departments in all
(interior,finance, war, navy, foreign affairs, holy synod, education, agriculture, trade, transport, justice)
ministers responsible to the tsar on an individual basis
most important department were the interior military and finance ministry

Question 6

local governments consisted of:

Answer 6

provincial government
zemstva
land captains

Question 7

provincial government

Answer 7

European Russia was divided into 78 provinces, each with its own provincial governor, they were the tsar’s representatives.
oversight of the whole range of government activity that went on it
had the power to overrule zemstvo
answerable in the first instance to the minister of the interior

Question 8

zemstva

Answer 8

elected local councils established in 1864 which operated in rural areas.
responsible for education, health, maintenance of roads and bridges

Question 9

Land captains

Answer 9

introduced in 1889, members of the nobility who supervised peasant affairs in their localities

Question 10

Russian Orthodox Church

Answer 10

largest of the orthodox christian churches of eastern Europe, became distinct from the roman catholic church in the middle ages

Question 11

orthodoxy

Answer 11

russian orthodox church
role was religion of the tsar and was the sport wing in the tsarist regime
firmly under government control

Question 12

two key claims of nationality in russia

Answer 12

• domination of the star’s multi- national empire by russia and the Russians was an entirely right and proper state of affairs, had the right to control empire since it built it
• Russia and Russians were unique and separated from the peoples of western Europe by a distinctive language, religion and culture- as a result supports of Tsarist, liberal and socialist ideas had no place in russia

Question 13

What is russification

Answer 13

Attempt to impose Russia’s language, culture and religion onto non- Russian minorities

Question 14

How was anti semitisim in russia

Answer 14

There were harsh discriminatory policies, education was severely restricted , there was a lot of programs and pale settlement

Question 15

What was a program

Answer 15

Organised attacks on certain communities (minorities) normally involves murer, assault and destruction of property, governments are most likely not not get involved

Question 16

Problem with strip farming

Answer 16

• time being wasted moving strip to strip
• some land was wasted and left uncultivated to mark the boarders between strips
• periodic rellocatation of sprit meant that households had no strong incentive to improve their land
• crop rotation arrangements involved one of the three field being left fallow Each year.