Housing

Question 1

What are the different types of housing environments?

Answer 1

Climatic - open barns
Controlled
Micro

Question 2

What is the thermoneutral zone?

Answer 2

When the outside temperature doesn’t affect the metabolic rate of an animal

Question 3

What is the normal thermoneutral zone?

Answer 3

18-24 degrees

Question 4

What are the upper and lower limits called?

Answer 4

Upper/lower critical temps

Question 5

Which animals have a narrow thermoneutral zone (TNZ) and why?

Answer 5

Pigs and poultry because they adjust their food intake to meet metabolic need

Question 6

Which animals have a wide thermoneutral zone (TNZ) and why?

Answer 6

Ruminants because they regulate heat loss with insulation from their coats

Question 7

What should the maximum rate of airflow be?

Answer 7

30cm/second

Question 8

What should thermal transmittance be?

Answer 8

Less than 0.5 for an insulated building

Question 9

What are the main insulation materials?

Answer 9

Rockwool
Polystyrene
Polyurethane foam

Question 10

What is the minimum ventilation rate?

Answer 10

5 air changes/hour

Question 11

What is the recommended maximum amount of ammonia?

Answer 11

20ppm

Question 12

What are the limits for hydrogen sulphide and where is it often high levels?

Answer 12

0.5ppm

Emptying slurry tanks

Question 13

What are the minimum passageway widths for cows?

Answer 13

1m for one way

2. 1m for two way
3. 8m for feeding passage

Question 14

WHat is the minimum trough feeding space?

Answer 14

70cm

Question 15

How many cubicles doe you need for cows?

Answer 15

Minimum 105% but more if facing other cubicles as cows dont like facing others

Question 16

What do cubicles have to stop cows gong too far forward?

Answer 16

Brisket board and head rail

Question 17

What is the space requirement in a straw barn?

Answer 17

7.5-10m2

Question 18

How big is a calving box?

Answer 18

4m2

Question 19

How big is a bull pen?

Answer 19

4m2

Walls - solid and rails to 2.2m

Question 20

When must calves stop being individually housed?

Answer 20

8 weeks

Question 21

WHat are the different types of beef rearing systems?

Answer 21

Intensive - 12-18 months finished
Extensive - 20-30
Suckler - 18-30

Question 22

How big is calf pen space?

Answer 22

1.5m2 to 150kg

3m2 for >300kg

Question 23

What air space does a calf have?

Answer 23

6m3 to 6 weeks

Question 24

WHat must veal calves have?

Answer 24

They are fed milk but must have
Water
100g of forage from 2 weeks

Question 25

What is the max exposure to dust?

Answer 25

3. 4mg/m3 total dust

1. 7 respirable

Question 26

What size particle deposits in the lower resp tract?

Answer 26

<7um

Question 27

What are the different ventilation systems?

Answer 27

Ridge outlet - stack effect (warm air rising)
Side air inlets
Convectional - fan in top
Tunnel ventilation - cool air pulled through building
Transitional - everything

Question 28

How many lux is bright sunlight?

Answer 28

100000 lux

Question 29

Which animals need extended spectrum lighting?

Answer 29

Birds and reptiles

Question 30

What is the minimum lux for birds?

Answer 30

20

Question 31

What is the minimum straw bedding space for ewes?

Answer 31

1.3m2

Question 32

What is the minimum feeding space for ewes?

Answer 32

0.5m per ewe

Question 33

What different types of pig housing is there?

Answer 33

Outdoor
Small static groups
Large dynamic groups

Question 34

How big are farrowing crates?

Answer 34

6m2

Nests are a bit bigger - 12m2

Question 35

When are piglets weaned?

Answer 35

2-3 weeks