Household Air Pollution/ Stoves in India (6b)

Question 1

Environmental Pathway

Answer 1

Source > emissions > concentration > exposure > dose > health effects

Question 2

Source of indoor air pollution in the developing world

Answer 2

~3 billion people use solid fuels for cooking

Question 3

What are the most studied pollutants?

Answer 3

PM2.5 (particulate matter less than μm in diameter) and carbon monoxide

Question 4

Global mortality, by cause

Answer 4

Air pollution > household air pollution > water > occupational > soil, chemicals and metals

Question 5

What does the PM2.5 exposure response curve tell us?

Answer 5

Must reduce PM2.5 exposure considerably to reduce risk

Question 6

What can we do to reduce household air pollution?

Answer 6

Switch from solid fuels to non-solid fuels

Question 7

HAPIN study

Answer 7

Household air pollution intervention network trial
3200 households, half randomized to LPG stove
primary outcomes: birthweight, child pneumonia, child linear growth, adult blood pressure

Question 8

Barriers to usage of LPG

Answer 8

Cost, availability, preference of cooking arrangement

Question 9

How can we address barriers to usage of LPG?

Answer 9

provision of two cylinders, provide it free to pregnant women, linkage with rural employment guarantee

Question 10

national Indian LPG programs

Answer 10

(1) PAHAL- fuel subsidy
(2) Give It Up- encourage middle and upper class to give up subsidy to poor
(3) PMUY- provide reduced cost connections to poor households