host microbe interactions

Question 1

infection

Answer 1

process by which microbe enters relationship with host, NOT NECESSARILY CAUSING DISEASE

Question 2

How many bacteria on humans

Answer 2

10^14

Question 3

pathogenicity

Answer 3

ability of a microbe to cause disease

Question 4

pathogen

Answer 4

microbe capable fo causing host damage

Question 5

virulence

Answer 5

relative capacity of a microbe to cause damage in a susceptible host

Question 6

virulece

Answer 6

relative capacity of a microbe to cause damage in a susceptible host

Question 7

koch’s postulates

Answer 7

1. microbes present in disease lesions, 2. you can isolate them from the lesion and grow them in vitro, 3. injecting those into animals reproduces disease and 4. you can resolute them from the new lesions

Question 8

6 stages of infection

Answer 8

encounter entry spread multiplication damage outcome

Question 9

route of infection and infectious dose- what stage

Answer 9

encounter

Question 10

colonization and adherence- what stage

Answer 10

entry

Question 11

spreading factors 3 examples

Answer 11

hyaluronidase, elastase, collagenase

Question 12

inhibiting spread enzyme example

Answer 12

coagulase

Question 13

host response to infectious agent that lives inside tissue cells

Answer 13

antibodies don’t inhibit attachment but prevent entry- IgG, A, aM

Question 14

3 examples of infectious agents that multiply inside cells

Answer 14

virus’, rickets, malarial merozoites

Question 15

4 things that replicate inside phagocytes

Answer 15

TB, virus’ leishmania, trypanosomes

Question 16

host response to things that replicate inside phagosomes

Answer 16

activate phagocytes like T cells–> produce lymphokines, try to get them resistant to infection

Question 17

how do you deal with extracellular infections

Answer 17

kille xtracellularly via complement mediated lysis or intracellularly via opsonized phagocytosis and killing

Question 18

___ and ___ infect and multiply outside of cells

Answer 18

most bacteria and trypanosomes

Question 19

3 things that replicate outside of cells but attachment to body surface is necessary for invasion

Answer 19

streptococci, gonorrheae, e. coli

Question 20

how do we deal with things that replicate outside of cells but attachment to body surface is necessary for invasion

Answer 20

prevent attachment by coating surface with IgA

Question 21

2 g+ and 1 g- bacteria on skin

Answer 21

+- staph, corneybacteria, -= enteric baccii

Question 22

2 g+ bacteria in the oropharynx

Answer 22

alpha-hemolytic strep and cornebacteria

Question 23

2 g+ in large intestine

Answer 23

micrococcus strep and lactobacilli

Question 24

2 g+ in vagina

Answer 24

streptococci and lactobaciilli

Question 25

4 things that differ among individuals and affect microbiome

Answer 25

diet, antibiotic exposure, anatomic abnormalities, genetic differences

Question 26

4 examples of physiologic importance of the microbiome

Answer 26

tissue organ differentiation, vitamin production by gut flor, biochemical conversions, competition with pathogens for colonization

Question 27

cholera disease mediated by

Answer 27

toxin

Question 28

pneumococcal pneumonia infection damage is caused by

Answer 28

acute inflammation from an invasive extracellular bacteria

Question 29

TB damage caused by

Answer 29

facultative intracellular bacteria

Question 30

rheumatic fever damage caused by

Answer 30

immune response damage