Host microbe interactions Flashcards
flora
microorgnaisms which establish colonize a area but do no produce a desiase under normal conditions
Transient microbiota
Microbs which are present for short periods of time (month)
parasites
microbs that live on or in another organsium
do pathogens always causes disease
no, pathogens have the ability to cause disae but not always
*infection vs disease
disease is very specifc and to be condisdered one damage to the host must be occuring otherwise it will be condisdered a infection
what is a example of a oppernotisctic pathogen
salmonella `
Commensalism
+=
what prevents bacteria from entering diffrent areas of the GI track
The diffrent areas have vastly diffrent pH
where are the most bacteria found in the GI track
colon as pH is close to nutrale, this is ideal as baccteria are used to help break down food and produce nutriants which we need which is then absorbed in the colon
what is the diffrence between the upper and lower respiroty track
upper contains bacteria which can be used for digestion of food in the mouth whereas the lower must be sterial
where is the gradient in the raspatory track found
in the voice box or larynx, this gradiant is caused by a mucus ligning which prevents bacteria from adhearing to the cell wall
what is the cilial elevator
cilia are mechinail defecces for anything entering the lung as they will attempt to “sweep” the forgin matter out of the lung. when this mechansium is comprimised this leads to poteitial for infection
what must microbs do to infectect
enter, colonize and grow in the host
what are the 2 kinds of adhesion factors
tissue specfiticty – only infects ciliated tracheal cells in baby cows
hist specfiicticy – only infects baby cows
what is invasivness in pathogens
they must be able to enter the body this they often wil have enxymes which aids in penitrition of the mucosal layer
what are some virulence factors (enzymes)
Protases– break down host proteins
Nucleases – break down huclic acids
what are the 2 types of toxins
endo– found on the inside of cells thus are often only exposed to the host if lysis of the cell occurs
exo– act as poisions as this you do not need to wait for the organisum to grow/ delvelop inside of you
what are blebs
a way by which microbs relase there endotoxic material as they relase a portion of there cell wall inside of the host
what are the 3 types of exotixins
cytolytic– attacks the constituents of the cell
AB– active binding toxins (b is the binding A is the active)
superantignen- causes huge inflammatory response
enterotoxins
exotoxins which act on the GI track
