Host Immunity 1 Flashcards
What are the two types of immunity?
Which one is non-specific and which one is acquired?
Innate - non-specific
Adaptive - acquired
What is the general idea behind innate immunity?
It is more or less a general immunity to everything, the default
List 3 unique aspects of innate immunity
- fully active upon first exposure
- same response to repeated exposure
- recognizes molecules that are shared by many pathogens
What is the general idea behind adaptive immunity?
It adapts to its surrounds, such as new pathogens, and gets stronger over time
List 3 unique aspects of adaptive immunity
- not active until after exposure to a pathogen
- response becomes stronger after repeated exposure
- recognizes specific molecules to a particular pathogen
What are three physical barriers of innate immunity?
- skin
- mucous membranes
- ciliated respiratory cells
(T/F) Mucus contains antimicrobial proteins
True!
Antimicrobial peptides are chemical mediators for which kind of immunity?
What do they do?
Innate immunity
They can damage and disrupt membranes
What are the two chemical mediators of innate immunity?
- antimicrobial peptides
2. complement system
(T/F) Complement system remains inactive until a pathogen is recognized
What activates it?
True!
Proteolysis
When the complement system is activated what happens?
What do they assemble into?
Inflammation occurs due to the recruiting of phagocytes to the infection
Membrane attack complex
What is an example of complement system?
What does this cleave into?
Convertase (protease) C5
C5a: attracts phagocytes
C5b: component of membrane attack complex
What are cytokines?
What are three unique attributes?
Cell to cell signaling proteins
- activates antiviral defenses
- can promote inflammation
- can reduce inflammation
