Hospitalization + Housing requirements Flashcards
What are 4 considerations that are important to ensure when patients are Hospitalised?
- Accomodation is appropriate for the species + their circumstances/condition
- Acoomodation is controlled, checked + appropriate for the animal’s needs
- Fixtures + contents reflect patient species, welfare + well-being of the animal
- Potential hazards to animals + persons are recognised + action is taken to reduce those risls
What is the role of the kennels?
- Designed to provide comfort + secure veterinary housing for patients, who are recovering + are hospitilised
- Wards should be intended + designed to suit the requirements of each species + individual needs of patients
- Ensure effective patient care
- Ensure efficent working for VP proffesionals
What must kennels be?
- Species specific
- Away from potential predators + threats
- Secure
- As far away from consulting rooms + reception as possible
- Designed to reduce through traffic
- Durable
- Safe
- Comfortable
- As calm + quiet an environment as feesib;y possible
- Easy to clean
- Well ventilated (controllable + adaptable)
- Well heated (controllable + adaptable)
- Ideally - soundproofed
What welfare requirements are their for patients in the VP?
- Provide a safe + secure environment
- Fear-free
- Ability to be housed with or without companion animals - if requjred
- Allow for normal behaviour patterns
- Access to:
= Constant supply of fresh water
= Adequate nutrition
= Appropriate housing - Need for suitable environment
- Species specific
- Right to be protected from:
= Suffering
= Pain
= Injury
= Disease
What types of wards can they potentially be in the VP or VH?
- Dog ward/kennels
- Cat ward/cattery
- Exotics ward
- Wildlife or Small animal/rodent ward
- Isolation ward
(species specific) - Radiotherapy or Radioiodine ward
(refferal hospital) - Recovery ward - off from theatre or in prep room
- Intensive or high dependant units
For walk in kennels, in refferal hospitals or new VPs, they may have glass doors.
What are the benefits for these?
- Easy to clean
- Sound-proof
- Write patient details straight onto them
- Easy to view/monitor patients
What are the benefit of glass door kennels?
- Same as glass walk-in kennels (Easy to clean etc)
- Tend to be larger than barred kennels
What are the pros and cons of kennels with bars?
Pros
* Well ventilated
* Secure lock mechanisims
Cons
* Not sound-proof
* Harder to clean
What types of common double kennels can be found in the VP?
Double-stack fitted kennels
Why should the top double-fitted kennels not be used as storage in the VP?
Because:
* Potential fire hazard
* Encourage infection or bacterial growth
(not effective infection control)
Where are roll-away kennels commonly used in the VP?
+
What are their benefits and disadvantages?
Where:
* Usually double-stacked
* Can be found in recovery areas + in imaging rooms, to house patients sedated for procedures
Benefits:
* Easy to transport sedated animals
* Can be brought into the wards when kennel spaces are at full capacity
* Drip stands are usually built in
* Usually has a divider in the bottom kennel, to make smaller or larger - if needed
Disadvantages:
* Can be unstable + roll away
* Risk of injury
* Not sound proof
* No temperature control
* Bars = increase infection control risk
* Not suitable for boisterous patients - when they move or shake = cause fear + anxiety for patient is housed above
* Not great for anxious patients - the divider for doors has to come off, to provide more space = noisy + inconvienient
True or False.
Feline specific wards ideally should include walk-in kennls, with shelves, built in for large breed felines + long hospitilsation stays
True
Name as many housing considerations possible for the cat ward + individual kennels as possible
And meeting all, wouild be required for silver or gold accreditation for a Cat Friendly Practice (CFP)..
- Escape proof
- Avoid harsh-lighting (dim lighting or darkened)
- Keep visual stimulus to a minimum
- Not facing other kennels = cause aggression
- Play classical music = calming
- Plug in pheromones = Feliway
- Feliway sprayed on bedding
- Can leave own carrier in kennel = comfort, familiar smells + allows hiding, stress reduction
- Hides
- Tunnels
- Familiar bedding
- Cat castle/sack bed or igloo bed
- Spacious cage with soft bedding over the majority of the kennel floor
- Avoid anything with a wet or sticky kennel base
- Food + water = kept seperate
- Regularly changed + covered litter tray
True or False.
Stress can be reduced for cats if they are give some choice + sense of control of their environment
True
In the exotic or wildlife kennel, what should be considered?
- Provision of varying sized vivariums
- Species-specfic appropriate considerations (Like more vertical height for birds etc)
- Large wildlife kennels
Incubators
* Paediatric incubator
* Exotic incubator
O2
* (Newer) Oxygen kennels
* Older model of Oxygen kennel
What are the considerations for recovery kennels?
- Well staffed during surgery hours
- Close to crash area
- Just off from theatre (In case of emergencies)
- Accessible to wards
- Increased temperature or ability to provide heat, if required
- Reduced over-stimulation (noise + light)
What should hospital kennels allow for?
- Restrict patient movement = prevent further patient deterioration
- Allows constant observation
- Quiet + calm environment = reduce stress
- Temperature controlled room, w/ appropriate air flow (Not windor nor static fan)
- For dogs = be close to an outdoor space/runs ideally avaliable
- Away from potential predators
- Ability to alter lighting for time of day
- Species-specific kennels, furniture + considerations
What should the hospital ward consider?
- Allows constant observation
- Quiet + calm environment = reduce stress
- Temperature controlled room, w/ appropriate air flow (Not windor nor static fan)
- Ability to alter lighting for time of day
- Over-head lights = simple procedures
- Easy access to equipment + other services
- Examination area
- Essential equipment + medical equipment = IVFT + drip pumps
- Access to all facilities = water, sink, bins, washing baskets, clean bedding etc
What should the Isolation ward cater for?
- Facilitate barrier nursing
- Independently staffed
- Footbath at the entrance
- Seperate Clinical waste
- Isolation specific PPE
- Strict personal hygiene
- Effective communication + recording
- Species specific considerations
- Allow for good visual observation - important for OOH
- Multiple wards if possible - ideally, 1 per ward + single runs for canines
- Seperate:
= Cleaning products + equipment
= Waste disposal
= Towels
= Drainage
= Air flow
= Feeding equipment
= Other relevant equipment
Everything is specfic to the Isolation ward, requiring nothing from anywhere else = fully proficient
What should the Intensive Care + High Dependency Units (HDU) cater for?
- Situated as close to recovery area + theatre as possible
- Seperate ER for triaging
- Crash area
- Diagnositic imaging (typically - Ultrasound)
- Treatment + examination area
- Excellent visual ability of patients = to allow for monitoring
- Temperature controlled kennels
- Oxygen kennels
- Incubators + cots = neonates
- Oxygen piped kennels
- Space for large pieces of equipment
- Equipment to monitor multiple parameters
- Adequate access to allow patients due to transported easily w/equipment
- ER = Emergency Room
What are the 4 types of typical construction materials in the hospital wards?
- Stainless steel
- Concrete
- Plastic
- Wood
(cm)
What is the appropriate kennel size, in W x H x D for a cat or small mammal?
- W = 45 cm
- H = 45 - 60 cm
- D = 72 cm
(cm)
What is the appropriate kennel size, in W x H x D for a small dog?
- W = 60 - 76 cm
- H = 45 - 76 cm
- D = 72 cm
(cm)
What is the appropriate kennel size, in W x H x D for a medium dog?
- W = 76 - 91 cm
- H = 76 - 91 cm
- D = 72 cm
(cm)
What is the appropriate kennel size, in W x H x D for a Large dog?
- W = 122 cm
- H = 76 - 91 cm
- D = 72 - 100 cm
(cm)
What is the appropriate kennel size, in W x H x D for a Giant dog?
or XL
- W = 152 - 183 cm
- H = 91 cm
- D = 72 - 100 cm
What is the appropriate kennel size, in W x H x D for a Walk-in dog?
- W = 140 cm
- H = 180 cm
- D = 100 cm
What fixtures or accessories can be commonly found or attached to hospital conditions?
- Drip stand facilitator
- Water bowls
- Accessory tray/dock
- Clipboard
- Plug-in points for IVFT or Bare huggers
What fixtures should be avaliable in the hospital ward?
- Good ventilation (or aircon)
- Access to outdoor spaces, like runs, if required/canines
- Vital equipment such as: drip pumps, CRI machines + IVFT stands
- Secure ward - no direct access to reception areas
- Crash alarm or close proximity + access to emergency supplies
- Harnesses, leads, supports + restraints
- Clean bedding
- Access to inco pads, clean mattresses
- Computer - to allow for accurate records to be kept
- Phone - phone clients for updates + team communication
- Good drainage system
- Access to clean, fresh water
- Cleaning supplies - that are colour co-ordinated for each ward + reduce cross-contaimination
Name 12 kennel essentials that are required in the hospital ward
- Vet beds
- Blankets
- Inco pads
- Heating aids
- Straw/hay/newspaper
- Towels
- Food + water bowls
- Cat litter trays
- Multiple choice of litter
- Mattress
- Non-slip mats
- Types of heat sources w/timers
- Perches
- Cat castles
- Boxes/hides
- IVFT stands
